https://wiki.muonpi.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Lnies&feedformat=atomMuonPi-Wiki - User contributions [en-gb]2024-03-28T13:05:50ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.34.1https://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Detektor_Workflow&diff=812Detektor Workflow2023-05-17T18:39:50Z<p>Lnies: Created page with "# Detector finished for shipping # Create MQTT Account for user with zip code as MQTT token # Enable user access to Grafana, Wiki, Forum on Admin Page in Member Are # Create H..."</p>
<hr />
<div># Detector finished for shipping<br />
# Create MQTT Account for user with zip code as MQTT token<br />
# Enable user access to Grafana, Wiki, Forum on Admin Page in Member Are<br />
# Create Hosting Ticket in Ticket system with MQTT Information and shipping details</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=MuonPi_Telegram_Bot&diff=801MuonPi Telegram Bot2022-01-10T17:29:52Z<p>Lnies: /* Changelog */</p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain how to set up a chat with our MuonPi Telegram Bot and how to register your chat with automatic detector and network-related updates.<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Tutorial written based on MuonPi Telegram Bot Version 1.1.0 (27th of December 2021)<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Add MuonPi-Bot to your chats =<br />
To verify your Telegram account with our Bot, please follow the steps below:<br />
* Make sure you accepted the usage of Telegram cookies with our website. To confirm this, go to the footer of the webpage and click cookie settings. <br />
* Log in to your [https://muonpi.org/member-home.php member area] and click the "Log in with Telegram" widget.<br />
* Enter your phone number to identify with your Telegram account. We do not save your phone number.<br />
* Telegram will send you a verification message for authentification. Please click accept.<br />
* Once accepted, the MuonPi-Bot will send you a welcome message and initializes a chat conversation.<br />
* By typing '/help' or '/menu' you can start accessing the Bot's features.<br />
* Optional: you can confirm your authentification with our website by checking the bottom left corner of the page when logged in to the member area. Your unique Telegram user ID should be displayed.<br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Telegram Cookies.png|Step 0: Varify and accept the Telegram cookies<br />
Telegram Step 1.png|Step 1: Log in with Telegram<br />
Telegram Step 2.png|Step 2: Enter credentials<br />
Telegram Step 3.png|Step 3: Accept verification<br />
Telegram Step 4.png|Step 4: Start chatting<br />
Telegram Step 5.png|Step 5: Verify authentification <br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
= Functionalities =<br />
Most of the Bot's features can be accessed and controlled via a convenient menu with buttons. However, command-line controls are available, too. <br />
== Account ==<br />
Manages accounts associated to the Telegram bot. Accounts are main LDAP user account with MuonPi (account to log in to the webpage) and MQTT accounts (accounts used for detectors to upload data).<br />
* Telegram Account Information: Prints information about the authenticated Telegram account<br />
* Remove Telegram Account: Removes Telegram account from the bot and deletes all database entries <br />
* Add MQTT Account: Add MQTT account to add detectors that are managed through the MQTT account<br />
* Remove MQTT Account: Removes chosen MQTT account<br />
== Detectors == <br />
* Update Detectors: Once you authenticate an MQTT account, all detectors managed through that account are connected to your Telegram bot. In case some MQTT account adds a detector, you can update the list of detectors here<br />
* Remove Detector: Remove a certain detector from your list of detectors<br />
* Show Settings: Shows current settings for all detectors<br />
* Fetch data: Select a certain type of data for one of your detectors and get the mean value for the last 24 hours.<br />
* Summary: Get a daily summary for all your detectors whenever you want<br />
=== Watchdog === <br />
Surveil your detector by getting notified if something goes wrong. <br />
* Change Settings: Chose level of triggers to be received for a certain detector. The status accompanying each trigger is described [https://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Detector_Status here]. Settings are:<br />
** allon: All triggers are sent<br />
** alloff: No triggers are sent<br />
** essentialon: Only detector online and offline triggers are sent<br />
* All on / All off: Turn on/off all triggers for all detectors<br />
=== Daily Updates === <br />
Daily updates for each detector can be sent using this function. <br />
* Change Settings: turn daily updates on/off for a specific detector<br />
* All on / All off: Turns on/off daily updates for all detectors<br />
== MuonPi Network ==<br />
Here you can get information about the overall MuonPi detector network.<br />
* Change settings <br />
** turn on/off daily updates for the detector network<br />
** Change settings for L1Event push notifications<br />
*** Set the coincidence level with 'N=>x' where x is the number of detectors taking part in a L1Event. Only if more or equal than x detectors have seen an event coincidentally, send the push notification. <br />
*** Set maximum coincidence time window: time in nanoseconds in which all detectors for the L1Event have had to see the event. Only send if all detector are within this time window. Standard value is 999,999,999ns<br />
* Send summary: get the daily summary for the network whenever you want<br />
* Show settings: shows current daily summary notification settings for Telegram account<br />
<br />
= Troubleshooting =<br />
It may be that you encounter some problems setting up the Bot. In case none of the following solutions solves your issue, please send a mail to support@muonpi.org and we will try to assist. <br />
* I can't see the Telegram log in widget:<br />
** It may be you have not accepted the Telegram cookie, please check your settings and accept the Telegram cookie<br />
** In case you remove your account using the Bot and you decided to authenticate again, you might need to log out and log back in into the member area<br />
* My daily updates are empty (showing only zeros)<br />
** Detector is offline and there is no data in the Influx database for the last 24 hours<br />
<br />
= Changelog = <br />
== Version 1.3.0 (10/01/2022) ==<br />
* Added option to receive push notifications for L1Events with coincidence levels of N=3 and greater.<br />
* Re-formatted some of the automatically generated text messages and adjusted data display for some measurements for better readability. <br />
== Version 1.2.0 (31/12/2021) ==<br />
* Reworked main menu: simplified menu where sub-menu 'Detectors' now comprises everything detector-related, such as watchdog and daily update settings<br />
* Watchdog and daily update settings now configurable down to a single detector level<br />
* Added option for additionally receiving daily updates from the wider MuonPi Detector Network, showing information about how many detectors are only, how many coincidences are measured, and more.<br />
== Version 1.1.0 (27/12/2021) ==<br />
* User authentication reworked: once authenticated through the webpage, you can add and remove MQTT accounts to your Bot. This is especially useful if you share a detector with a group of administrators. <br />
* Reimplemented watchdog triggers from the Detector Network Processor (DNP). You can now choose between different levels of triggers being sent to you.<br />
* Detector summary, aka daily update, now shows more and slightly updated information<br />
* Various bug fixes, e.g. spam protection not being reset, and more</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=MuonPi_Telegram_Bot&diff=800MuonPi Telegram Bot2022-01-10T17:26:23Z<p>Lnies: /* MuonPi Network */</p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain how to set up a chat with our MuonPi Telegram Bot and how to register your chat with automatic detector and network-related updates.<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Tutorial written based on MuonPi Telegram Bot Version 1.1.0 (27th of December 2021)<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Add MuonPi-Bot to your chats =<br />
To verify your Telegram account with our Bot, please follow the steps below:<br />
* Make sure you accepted the usage of Telegram cookies with our website. To confirm this, go to the footer of the webpage and click cookie settings. <br />
* Log in to your [https://muonpi.org/member-home.php member area] and click the "Log in with Telegram" widget.<br />
* Enter your phone number to identify with your Telegram account. We do not save your phone number.<br />
* Telegram will send you a verification message for authentification. Please click accept.<br />
* Once accepted, the MuonPi-Bot will send you a welcome message and initializes a chat conversation.<br />
* By typing '/help' or '/menu' you can start accessing the Bot's features.<br />
* Optional: you can confirm your authentification with our website by checking the bottom left corner of the page when logged in to the member area. Your unique Telegram user ID should be displayed.<br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Telegram Cookies.png|Step 0: Varify and accept the Telegram cookies<br />
Telegram Step 1.png|Step 1: Log in with Telegram<br />
Telegram Step 2.png|Step 2: Enter credentials<br />
Telegram Step 3.png|Step 3: Accept verification<br />
Telegram Step 4.png|Step 4: Start chatting<br />
Telegram Step 5.png|Step 5: Verify authentification <br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
= Functionalities =<br />
Most of the Bot's features can be accessed and controlled via a convenient menu with buttons. However, command-line controls are available, too. <br />
== Account ==<br />
Manages accounts associated to the Telegram bot. Accounts are main LDAP user account with MuonPi (account to log in to the webpage) and MQTT accounts (accounts used for detectors to upload data).<br />
* Telegram Account Information: Prints information about the authenticated Telegram account<br />
* Remove Telegram Account: Removes Telegram account from the bot and deletes all database entries <br />
* Add MQTT Account: Add MQTT account to add detectors that are managed through the MQTT account<br />
* Remove MQTT Account: Removes chosen MQTT account<br />
== Detectors == <br />
* Update Detectors: Once you authenticate an MQTT account, all detectors managed through that account are connected to your Telegram bot. In case some MQTT account adds a detector, you can update the list of detectors here<br />
* Remove Detector: Remove a certain detector from your list of detectors<br />
* Show Settings: Shows current settings for all detectors<br />
* Fetch data: Select a certain type of data for one of your detectors and get the mean value for the last 24 hours.<br />
* Summary: Get a daily summary for all your detectors whenever you want<br />
=== Watchdog === <br />
Surveil your detector by getting notified if something goes wrong. <br />
* Change Settings: Chose level of triggers to be received for a certain detector. The status accompanying each trigger is described [https://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Detector_Status here]. Settings are:<br />
** allon: All triggers are sent<br />
** alloff: No triggers are sent<br />
** essentialon: Only detector online and offline triggers are sent<br />
* All on / All off: Turn on/off all triggers for all detectors<br />
=== Daily Updates === <br />
Daily updates for each detector can be sent using this function. <br />
* Change Settings: turn daily updates on/off for a specific detector<br />
* All on / All off: Turns on/off daily updates for all detectors<br />
== MuonPi Network ==<br />
Here you can get information about the overall MuonPi detector network.<br />
* Change settings <br />
** turn on/off daily updates for the detector network<br />
** Change settings for L1Event push notifications<br />
*** Set the coincidence level with 'N=>x' where x is the number of detectors taking part in a L1Event. Only if more or equal than x detectors have seen an event coincidentally, send the push notification. <br />
*** Set maximum coincidence time window: time in nanoseconds in which all detectors for the L1Event have had to see the event. Only send if all detector are within this time window. Standard value is 999,999,999ns<br />
* Send summary: get the daily summary for the network whenever you want<br />
* Show settings: shows current daily summary notification settings for Telegram account<br />
<br />
= Troubleshooting =<br />
It may be that you encounter some problems setting up the Bot. In case none of the following solutions solves your issue, please send a mail to support@muonpi.org and we will try to assist. <br />
* I can't see the Telegram log in widget:<br />
** It may be you have not accepted the Telegram cookie, please check your settings and accept the Telegram cookie<br />
** In case you remove your account using the Bot and you decided to authenticate again, you might need to log out and log back in into the member area<br />
* My daily updates are empty (showing only zeros)<br />
** Detector is offline and there is no data in the Influx database for the last 24 hours<br />
<br />
= Changelog = <br />
== Version 1.2.0 (31/12/2021) ==<br />
* Reworked main menu: simplified menu where sub-menu 'Detectors' now comprises everything detector-related, such as watchdog and daily update settings<br />
* Watchdog and daily update settings now configurable down to a single detector level<br />
* Added option for additionally receiving daily updates from the wider MuonPi Detector Network, showing information about how many detectors are only, how many coincidences are measured, and more.<br />
== Version 1.1.0 (27/12/2021) ==<br />
* User authentication reworked: once authenticated through the webpage, you can add and remove MQTT accounts to your Bot. This is especially useful if you share a detector with a group of administrators. <br />
* Reimplemented watchdog triggers from the Detector Network Processor (DNP). You can now choose between different levels of triggers being sent to you.<br />
* Detector summary, aka daily update, now shows more and slightly updated information<br />
* Various bug fixes, e.g. spam protection not being reset, and more</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=GUI_and_Detector_Operation&diff=794GUI and Detector Operation2022-01-01T16:24:56Z<p>Lnies: /* Finding the right threshold */</p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain to best operate the detector and how to use the GUI<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Tutorial written based on [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector/releases/tag/v2.0.2 GUI version 2.0.2]<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Detector Operation =<br />
<br />
== Finding the right threshold == <br />
There are several ways to find the right detector threshold. In general, one aims to minimize the amount of electronic noise while not sacrificing real detector counts. <br />
* Method 0: The choice of threshold should always be guided by the expected integrated muon flux per m2 and per second in the detector. For our large detector (25cm x 12.5 cm), this is roughly 3.5Hz. For our small hexagonal detector, this is roughly 1Hz. For a more in-depth choice of threshold, follow the other methods.<br />
* Method 1: Using an oscilloscope (details to be added)<br />
* Method 2: Using the energy processor (details to be added)<br />
* Method 3: Another way to accomplish this, and without having to use additional equipment, is a threshold scan using the GUI. Here, the software is automatically setting different threshold levels and measuring the number of counts measured per time interval. Thus, by creating a graph showing count rate versus threshold, one can make an informed decision on how to choose the right threshold level. <br />
# Step: Open GUI and navigate to the "Scans" page. <br />
# Step: Set "UBXRATE" as observable and "THR1" (if using channel one of the board) or "THR2" (if using channel two). Select meaningful values for the scan range: test by hand (using the Threshold slider) to find a high count rate (blue LED on HAT board permanently on) and where the counts practically disappear (blue LED permanently off). Those to values can be set as "Scan range from" and "To". To get good statistics, choose 0.0025 as step size and 20s as "Meas. time interval". <br />
# Step: Press "Start scan". The scan might take several minutes, depending on your effective scan range. The progress is displayed on the bottom of the page.<br />
# Step: When the scan is done, right-click on the y-axis of the plot and select "Log Y" to show the plot in log scale.<br />
# Step: Choosing the right threshold value. The result in your GUI should look similar to Screenshot 1 in the gallery below. A steep drop in count rate for very low thresholds turns into a less steep drop. At this point, the electronic background is effectively cut and only real detector signals are measured. To avoid measuring a great number of dark counts (signal-like events produced by the photosensors) one wants to set the threshold well above the point where the slope changes. In this example, we chose a value 20mV above that point. In screenshot 2 the data is fitted with an exponential decay function with three decay constants for reference. The data was taken with a large (25cm x 12.5 cm) detector.<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Threshold Scan Log.PNG|Screenshot 1: GUI Scan page with scan settings<br />
Threshold Scan Log fit.png|Screenshot 2: Fit of the plotted data. An exponential decay function with three decay constants was assumed. <br />
</gallery></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=GUI_and_Detector_Operation&diff=793GUI and Detector Operation2022-01-01T15:38:19Z<p>Lnies: Created page with "This article will explain to best operate the detector and how to use the GUI DISCLAIMER: Tutorial written based on [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector/releases/tag/v2.0...."</p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain to best operate the detector and how to use the GUI<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Tutorial written based on [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector/releases/tag/v2.0.2 GUI version 2.0.2]<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Detector Operation =<br />
<br />
== Finding the right threshold == <br />
There are several ways to find the right detector threshold. In general, one aims to minimize the amount of electronic noise while not sacrificing real detector counts. <br />
Method 1<br />
Using an oscilloscope<br />
Method 2 <br />
Using the energy processor<br />
<br />
Method 3<br />
One way to accomplish this, and without having to use additional equipment, is a threshold scan using the GUI. Here, the software is automatically setting different threshold levels and measuring the number of counts measured per time interval. Thus, by creating a graph showing count rate versus threshold, one can make an informed decision on how to choose the right threshold level. <br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Telegram Cookies.png|Step 0: Varify and accept the Telegram cookies<br />
Telegram Step 1.png|Step 1: Log in with Telegram<br />
Telegram Step 2.png|Step 2: Enter credentials<br />
Telegram Step 3.png|Step 3: Accept verification<br />
Telegram Step 4.png|Step 4: Start chatting<br />
Telegram Step 5.png|Step 5: Verify authentification <br />
</gallery></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=File:Threshold_Scan_Log.PNG&diff=792File:Threshold Scan Log.PNG2022-01-01T15:08:02Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=File:Threshold_Scan_Log_fit.png&diff=791File:Threshold Scan Log fit.png2022-01-01T15:07:20Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=790Main Page2022-01-01T14:49:54Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div>= The MuonPi Cosmic Detector Project =<br />
The MuonPi Project is a [https://www.raspberrypi.org/ RaspberryPi]-based system using an inexpensive plastic [[Scintillator|scintillator]] + [[Silicon photomultiplier|SiPM]] photo sensor to detect muons from cosmic air showers with a time-stamping accuracy of several tens of nanoseconds utilizing the [https://www.u-blox.com/en/product/neo-m8-series u-blox NEO-M8N GNSS] module's "timemark" feature.<br />
<br />
==== Learn about cosmic radiation ====<br />
* Get started with [[Cosmic Rays]], especially [[Muon]]s<br />
<br />
*[https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/2019/7/16/17690740/cosmic-rays-universe-theory-science Extremely powerful cosmic rays are raining down on us. No one knows where they come from.] But with large-scale experiments, scientists around the world are determined to find out. ''Vox'' Jul 25, 2019<br />
<br />
*[https://home.cern/science/physics/cosmic-rays-particles-outer-space Cosmic rays: particles from outer space] Earth is subject to a constant bombardment of subatomic particles that can reach energies far higher than the largest machines. ''CERN''<br />
<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/mediathek/podcast/kosmische-strahlung/ "Kosmische Strahlung"] Podcast (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/thema/bmbf/astro-undastroteilchenphysik/der-kosmischen-strahlung-auf-der-spur/ "Der kosmischen Strahlung auf der Spur"] article (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/gebiet/universum/news/2017/kosmische-teilchen-mit-extragalaktischem-ursprung/ "Kosmische Teilchen mit extragalaktischem Ursprung"] article (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
<br />
<br />
==== Learn about the detectors ====<br />
* Basics of [[Scintillator]]s<br />
* Find out about [[Silicon photomultiplier|Silicon Photomultipliers]]<br />
* How our [[The Detector|Detectors]] are assembled<br />
<br />
==== Related and similar projects ====<br />
<br />
* [http://cosmicpi.org/ CosmicPi]: A CERN-based project that aims to build the world's largest open-source distributed cosmic ray telescope. <br />
* [https://www.hisparc.nl/en/ HiSPARC]: A distributed muon detection network aimed for high-schools and an experience of over 15 years.<br />
* [https://academic.oup.com/ptep/article/2020/10/103H01/5885093?login=true Thundercloud Project]: Exploring high-energy phenomena in thundercloud and lightning. [https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00395-3 -> Nature Article]<br />
* [http://cosmicwatch.lns.mit.edu/ Cosmic Watch]: ''Cosmic Watch is simple, physics-motivated machine- and electronics-shop project for university students and schools''.<br />
* [https://www.blitzortung.org Blitzortung.org]: A truly inspiring community-based network for the detection and triangulation of lightning and thunderstorms.<br />
<br />
= The Hardware =<br />
<br />
=== SiPM PCB ===<br />
The SiPM photo sensor which detects the dim light generated inside the scintillation detector is mounted on a small [[Sipm_board|SiPM board]]. Different numbers of SiPMs and read-out configurations can be realized through it's flexible design.<br />
<br />
=== Preamplifier ===<br />
The [[preamplifier]] is located in close vicinity to the [[sipm_board|SiPM photodetector board]] and amplifies the weak signals for transmission to the [[muonpi_board|MuonPi]] board, where they are further processed and evaluated.<br />
<br />
=== The MuonPi-Board ===<br />
The main signal processing, voltage generation and parameter monitoring and adjustment is done on the Raspberry Pi plug-on [[muonpi_board|MuonPi Board]]. The board's design is open source hardware and exhibits only commercially available off-the-shelf components which can be obtained from several distributors. With some soldering experience, the MuonPi HAT can be assembled utilizing a standard soldering equipment. A how-to guide and useful hints are available in the [[Assembly Guide|Assembly Guide]].<br />
<br />
= The Software =<br />
The MuonPi software collection is entirely open source and [https://github.com/MuonPi available on github]<br />
It consists of several components:<br />
* '''muondetector-daemon''' The main control program running as a background system service on the RPi. The daemon configures, controls and supervises the components on the MuonPi HAT board, handles the comunication to the u-Blox chip and to the outside world via MQTT link and direct access socket, monitors system parameters, such as temperature, voltages, curent, rates etc., performs statistics collections, calculations and logging and much more. The daemon can be installed through the standard system software management tools (such as apt) from our [https://archive.muonpi.org package repository] or compiled from the [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector github source] and is everything which is needed to operate a MuonPi detector.<br />
* '''muondetector-gui''' A graphical user interface (GUI) program which can be launched on any computer in the same network as the MuonPi detector in order to monitor and adjust all operation parameters of the detector, if required. The GUI is available for [https://archive.muonpi.org download] as binary package for several platforms (Raspbian, Ubuntu, Windows) or can be compiled from the current [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector github master branch].<br />
* '''muondetector-login''' A small command line helper tool to initially set up the MQTT telemetry link. The program will ask for the supplied MQTT credentials and stores them locally in encrypted form for continuous use.<br />
* '''muondetector-cluster''' Allows the operation of a multi-detector cluster as an entity. The program is the cluster head or interface towards the server, searches for coincidences within the cluster and sends the combined coincidence events instead of the single event telegrams to the server. One cluster instance is also running on the main server collecting the data streams from the entire network, finding the online coincidences and writing the coincidence events as well as detailed logs and statistics summaries into the MuonPi InfluxDB database. The source code is available in the [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector-cluster cluster github repository].<br />
<br />
= Setup and Operation of the Detector =<br />
Here you find a collection of HOW-TOs useful to procure, set up, and operate a detector:<br />
<br />
*[[How do I get a detector?|How do I get a detector?]]<br />
<br />
*[[The Detector|How to assemble the detector plates]]<br />
<br />
*[[Assembly Guide|MuonPi HAT assembly guide]]<br />
<br />
*[[Hardware Setup|How to set up the detector hardware]]<br />
<br />
*[[Raspberry Pi Setup|How to install and set up the MuonPi software]]<br />
<br />
*How to [[GUI and Detector Operation|operate the detector and how to use the GUI]]<br />
<br />
*[[MuonPi - Grafana|How to view your detector data using Grafana]]<br />
<br />
*Detector Surveillance through a [[MuonPi Telegram Bot|Telegram Bot]]<br />
<br />
*[[time synchronization|How to set up Time Synchronization of the RPi through the GNSS receiver]]<br />
<br />
The completed setup is fairly insensitive to the location where it will operate.<br />
Basic requirement is a good GPS signal, low humidity and obviously power and network connectivity.<br />
A stable temperature for the scintillator and preamp is desirable, as it affects the noise level of the setup.<br />
Muons will penetrate several meters of granite rock, so placing the detector in the basement leaves the muon measurements unaffected.<br />
However due to radon collection in basement rooms and potassium decay a slightly higher natural radioactive background can be observed.<br />
<br />
In case there are problems with the set-up or operation of the detector, have a look in the [[Troubleshooting]] section.<br />
<br />
= Related Articles =<br />
<br />
[[News and articles]] about cosmic rays and similar projects.<br />
<br />
= Other languages =<br />
<br />
* [[Main Page/de]]<br />
<br />
= Admin Area = <br />
<br />
Useful [[resources]] for admins.<br />
<br />
= [[user detectors gallery|Gallery of Users' Detectors]] =<br />
<br />
= About this Wiki =<br />
* How to edit? [[help for creators]]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings List of config variables]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki-FAQ]<br />
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce Mailing list of new MediaWiki version announcements]<br />
<br />
----<br />
Sandbox page for testing/playing:<br />
* [[Sandbox]]</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=MuonPi_Telegram_Bot&diff=788MuonPi Telegram Bot2021-12-31T15:14:39Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain how to set up a chat with our MuonPi Telegram Bot and how to register your chat with automatic detector and network-related updates.<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Tutorial written based on MuonPi Telegram Bot Version 1.1.0 (27th of December 2021)<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Add MuonPi-Bot to your chats =<br />
To verify your Telegram account with our Bot, please follow the steps below:<br />
* Make sure you accepted the usage of Telegram cookies with our website. To confirm this, go to the footer of the webpage and click cookie settings. <br />
* Log in to your [https://muonpi.org/member-home.php member area] and click the "Log in with Telegram" widget.<br />
* Enter your phone number to identify with your Telegram account. We do not save your phone number.<br />
* Telegram will send you a verification message for authentification. Please click accept.<br />
* Once accepted, the MuonPi-Bot will send you a welcome message and initializes a chat conversation.<br />
* By typing '/help' or '/menu' you can start accessing the Bot's features.<br />
* Optional: you can confirm your authentification with our website by checking the bottom left corner of the page when logged in to the member area. Your unique Telegram user ID should be displayed.<br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Telegram Cookies.png|Step 0: Varify and accept the Telegram cookies<br />
Telegram Step 1.png|Step 1: Log in with Telegram<br />
Telegram Step 2.png|Step 2: Enter credentials<br />
Telegram Step 3.png|Step 3: Accept verification<br />
Telegram Step 4.png|Step 4: Start chatting<br />
Telegram Step 5.png|Step 5: Verify authentification <br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
= Functionalities =<br />
Most of the Bot's features can be accessed and controlled via a convenient menu with buttons. However, command-line controls are available, too. <br />
== Account ==<br />
Manages accounts associated to the Telegram bot. Accounts are main LDAP user account with MuonPi (account to log in to the webpage) and MQTT accounts (accounts used for detectors to upload data).<br />
* Telegram Account Information: Prints information about the authenticated Telegram account<br />
* Remove Telegram Account: Removes Telegram account from the bot and deletes all database entries <br />
* Add MQTT Account: Add MQTT account to add detectors that are managed through the MQTT account<br />
* Remove MQTT Account: Removes chosen MQTT account<br />
== Detectors == <br />
* Update Detectors: Once you authenticate an MQTT account, all detectors managed through that account are connected to your Telegram bot. In case some MQTT account adds a detector, you can update the list of detectors here<br />
* Remove Detector: Remove a certain detector from your list of detectors<br />
* Show Settings: Shows current settings for all detectors<br />
* Fetch data: Select a certain type of data for one of your detectors and get the mean value for the last 24 hours.<br />
* Summary: Get a daily summary for all your detectors whenever you want<br />
=== Watchdog === <br />
Surveil your detector by getting notified if something goes wrong. <br />
* Change Settings: Chose level of triggers to be received for a certain detector. The status accompanying each trigger is described [https://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Detector_Status here]. Settings are:<br />
** allon: All triggers are sent<br />
** alloff: No triggers are sent<br />
** essentialon: Only detector online and offline triggers are sent<br />
* All on / All off: Turn on/off all triggers for all detectors<br />
=== Daily Updates === <br />
Daily updates for each detector can be sent using this function. <br />
* Change Settings: turn daily updates on/off for a specific detector<br />
* All on / All off: Turns on/off daily updates for all detectors<br />
== MuonPi Network ==<br />
Here you can get information about the overall MuonPi detector network.<br />
* Change settings: turn on/off daily updates for the detector network<br />
* Send summary: get the daily summary for the network whenever you want<br />
* Show settings: shows current daily summary notification settings for Telegram account<br />
= Troubleshooting =<br />
It may be that you encounter some problems setting up the Bot. In case none of the following solutions solves your issue, please send a mail to support@muonpi.org and we will try to assist. <br />
* I can't see the Telegram log in widget:<br />
** It may be you have not accepted the Telegram cookie, please check your settings and accept the Telegram cookie<br />
** In case you remove your account using the Bot and you decided to authenticate again, you might need to log out and log back in into the member area<br />
* My daily updates are empty (showing only zeros)<br />
** Detector is offline and there is no data in the Influx database for the last 24 hours<br />
<br />
= Changelog = <br />
== Version 1.2.0 (31/12/2021) ==<br />
* Reworked main menu: simplified menu where sub-menu 'Detectors' now comprises everything detector-related, such as watchdog and daily update settings<br />
* Watchdog and daily update settings now configurable down to a single detector level<br />
* Added option for additionally receiving daily updates from the wider MuonPi Detector Network, showing information about how many detectors are only, how many coincidences are measured, and more.<br />
== Version 1.1.0 (27/12/2021) ==<br />
* User authentication reworked: once authenticated through the webpage, you can add and remove MQTT accounts to your Bot. This is especially useful if you share a detector with a group of administrators. <br />
* Reimplemented watchdog triggers from the Detector Network Processor (DNP). You can now choose between different levels of triggers being sent to you.<br />
* Detector summary, aka daily update, now shows more and slightly updated information<br />
* Various bug fixes, e.g. spam protection not being reset, and more</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Setup&diff=787Raspberry Pi Setup2021-12-31T13:17:44Z<p>Lnies: /* MuonPi software installation */</p>
<hr />
<div>(Requirements: Raspberry Pi Versions 0, 2, 3, 4 (with 40-pin GPIO connector) )<br />
<br />
This article will introduce to you, how to set up a Raspberry Pi from scratch with all software needed to run the detector hardware.<br />
<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: If not stated otherwise, this tutorial is developed on Raspian 10 Buster.<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
= Guided Setup =<br />
This is the recommended way of setting up the muondetector software.<br />
<br />
# Download the latest muondetector [https://archive.muonpi.org/image/latest/ image]. <br> If you want to use the detector headless or without graphical user interface, select the -lite version, otherwise select the -gui version.<br> If you prefer to build your own version of the image, check out the [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector-image repository].<br />
# Install the image onto an SD-Card: <br> [https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/computers/getting-started.html#installing-images-on-linux Linux]<br>[https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/computers/getting-started.html#installing-images-on-mac-os MacOS]<br>[https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/computers/getting-started.html#installing-images-on-windows Windows]<br />
# (Optional) Setup [https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/computers/configuration.html#setting-up-a-headless-raspberry-pi headless] network. SSH is already enabled per default in the provided images.<br />
# Boot your RaspberryPi<br />
# Open a login console<br />
## Per SSH, or<br />
## Open a terminal on the RaspberryPi<br />
# Follow the Prompts in the terminal<br />
# Update your system<br />
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade<br />
[[File:Screenshot 2021-07-29 22-32-37.png|frameless|center]]<br />
<br />
= Manual Setup =<br />
=== Basic ===<br />
* Create a fresh install of RaspberryPi OS according to the [https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/installation/installing-images/ tutorial]<br />
* Update your system:<br />
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade<br />
* Change the default password of the user <code>pi</code>:<br />
passwd<br />
* (Optional) For an headless install (without monitor and mouse/keyboard), we recommend following this [https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/wireless/headless.md guide].<br />
=== Interfaces ===<br />
sudo raspi-config<br />
* '''Enable the serial interface''' (UART) and '''disable the login shell''' via the UART:<br />
3 Interface Options -> P6 Serial Port -> No (login shell over serial) -> Yes (serial port)<br />
* Enable I2C Interface:<br />
3 Interface Options -> P5 I2C -> Yes (enable)<br />
* (Optional) '''Enable SSH''':<br />
3 Interface Options -> P2 SSH -> Yes (enable)<br />
<br />
=== Network ===<br />
By default, the RPi is configured to automatically obtain an IP address when a connection is available and DHCP in your local network is active (this should be the case for most local/home networks).<br />
If you prefer a fixed IP address in a local network: edit the file /etc/dhcpcd.conf. Use the template and uncomment the "Example Static IP Configuration" section with your desired IP address.<br />
If network access should be established via WiFi, either configure it via the network configuration wizard in the graphical desktop environment (usually network icon in the system bar), or manually following these steps (either method is fine):<br />
* Make sure that the wpa_supplicant package is installed:<br />
sudo apt install wpasupplicant<br />
* edit the file /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf:<br />
sudo nano /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf<br />
the configuration should look like this (non-relevant lines not shown):<br />
update_config=1<br />
country=DE</br><br />
network={<br />
ssid="<your network ssid>"<br />
psk="<your wifi password>"<br />
key_mgmt=WPA-PSK<br />
}<br />
Enter your WiFi's SSID and password in the indicated fields.<br />
Finally, restart the system that the changes take effect.<br />
<br />
=== MuonPi software installation ===<br />
(Requirements: a MuonPi board plugged onto the GPIO connector of the RPi)<br />
* First, update your system to make sure, certificates and dependencies are up to date. This might take a while depending on how regularly the system is being updated.<br />
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade<br />
<br />
* Then, add the MuonPi apt repository to your system:<br />
sudo sh -c "curl https://archive.muonpi.org/muondetector.public.key | gpg --dearmor > /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/muondetector.gpg"<br />
<br />
sudo sh -c "echo deb <nowiki>https://archive.muonpi.org/raspbian buster main</nowiki> > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/muondetector.list"<br />
* Update the repositories again:<br />
sudo apt update<br />
* Install the muondetector-daemon package and it's dependencies:<br />
sudo apt install muondetector-daemon<br />
* Optional: install the Graphical User Interface (GUI) program to monitor and control the MuonPi locally.<br />
sudo apt install muondetector-gui<br />
{{Note|Note that if you want to use the gui on the raspberrypi, it is recommended to use the Raspberrypi OS with Desktop preinstalled.|reminder}}<br />
<br />
* The GUI can connect to the MuonPi over network as well, so it can be installed on other computers in the local network. Currently, binary packages for Raspbian, Ubuntu and Windows are available. The Linux-based versions can be installed from the package repositories (execute steps 1,2 and 4 from this list). The Windows program can be downloaded directly from https://archive.muonpi.org and installed by simply unpacking the zip-archive.<br />
<br />
=== Login with your user credentials (only once) ===<br />
<br />
Before taking the MuonPi detector into operation, you have to set your credentials for publishing data messages to the server via [http://mqtt.org/ MQTT] protocol on first start. This can be managed in two ways, one secure and one where your credentials appear as plain text in the config file:<br />
==== The Recommended Method ====<br />
In a bash shell on the MuonPi, run the command <code>muondetector-login</code>.<br />
<br />
'''Note that for the software version 2.0.0 the command to run is <code>sudo runuser -u muonuser -- muondetector-login</code> instead.'''<br />
<br />
When asked for sudo access, enter the password of your raspberry pi user.<br />
When asked for your user name and password, enter the credentials supplied to you by a MounPi.org official. The credentials are stored (not in clear text) for all further telemetry connections.<br />
<br />
==== Alternative Method ====<br />
Uncomment the <code>mqtt_user</code> and <code>mqtt_password</code> options in <code>/etc/muondetector/muondetector.conf</code> and type your personal username and password into these fields between the quotation marks. Be aware, that these credentials are written in plain text into this file and can be retrieved by malware attacks. However, if you operate a station inside a home network and set up a strong ssh authentication (see above), you should be relatively safe.<br />
<br />
=== Start the Daemon ===<br />
The daemon should be enabled and started automatically after installation and on every reboot. However, when changing items in the config file, the changes have to be made effective by a daemon restart:<br />
sudo systemctl restart muondetector-daemon.service<br />
<br />
To see the current status of the daemon service use following command:<br />
systemctl status muondetector-daemon.service<br />
<br />
It can happen that the status shows 'failed' in red, usually a restart of the daemon service resolves this.<br />
<br />
If the service should not enable itself by default the status shows a grey 'not loaded'. To enable the service use:<br />
sudo systemctl enable muondetector-daemon.service<br />
<br />
= Configuration =<br />
<br />
Edit the configuration file /etc/muondetector/muondetector.conf: <code>nano /etc/muondetector/muondetector.conf</code>.<br />
Change the settings according to your needs or leave them untouched, if unsure. The comments in the config file should guide you through any required modifications. One option, however, describes the placement of your detector. If you like, choose a stationID descriptor, eg.:</br><br />
(file: <code>/etc/muondetector/muondetector.conf</code>)<br />
<nowiki>#</nowiki> A unique identifier of the user's station<br />
<nowiki>#</nowiki> leave on default when the user operates a single station<br />
<nowiki>#</nowiki> all detectors of the user are distinguishable on the basis of this id<br />
stationID = "HomeOffice"<br />
<br />
(anything which best describes the location of your detector like e.g. "GarageSW", "Bldg16Lab105", "AtticNE"). If you operate only one stationary detector, it may as well be left on the default ID which is "0" (zero).<br />
<br />
'''Important''': When operating multiple detectors (under the same user account, see below) the stationID descriptor '''must''' be unique for each detector.</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=786Main Page2021-12-29T11:29:57Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div>= The MuonPi Cosmic Detector Project =<br />
The MuonPi Project is a [https://www.raspberrypi.org/ RaspberryPi]-based system using an inexpensive plastic [[Scintillator|scintillator]] + [[Silicon photomultiplier|SiPM]] photo sensor to detect muons from cosmic air showers with a time-stamping accuracy of several tens of nanoseconds utilizing the [https://www.u-blox.com/en/product/neo-m8-series u-blox NEO-M8N GNSS] module's "timemark" feature.<br />
<br />
==== Learn about cosmic radiation ====<br />
* Get started with [[Cosmic Rays]], especially [[Muon]]s<br />
<br />
*[https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/2019/7/16/17690740/cosmic-rays-universe-theory-science Extremely powerful cosmic rays are raining down on us. No one knows where they come from.] But with large-scale experiments, scientists around the world are determined to find out. ''Vox'' Jul 25, 2019<br />
<br />
*[https://home.cern/science/physics/cosmic-rays-particles-outer-space Cosmic rays: particles from outer space] Earth is subject to a constant bombardment of subatomic particles that can reach energies far higher than the largest machines. ''CERN''<br />
<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/mediathek/podcast/kosmische-strahlung/ "Kosmische Strahlung"] Podcast (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/thema/bmbf/astro-undastroteilchenphysik/der-kosmischen-strahlung-auf-der-spur/ "Der kosmischen Strahlung auf der Spur"] article (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/gebiet/universum/news/2017/kosmische-teilchen-mit-extragalaktischem-ursprung/ "Kosmische Teilchen mit extragalaktischem Ursprung"] article (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
<br />
<br />
==== Learn about the detectors ====<br />
* Basics of [[Scintillator]]s<br />
* Find out about [[Silicon photomultiplier|Silicon Photomultipliers]]<br />
* How our [[The Detector|Detectors]] are assembled<br />
<br />
==== Related and similar projects ====<br />
<br />
* [http://cosmicpi.org/ CosmicPi]: A CERN-based project that aims to build the world's largest open-source distributed cosmic ray telescope. <br />
* [https://www.hisparc.nl/en/ HiSPARC]: A distributed muon detection network aimed for high-schools and an experience of over 15 years.<br />
* [https://academic.oup.com/ptep/article/2020/10/103H01/5885093?login=true Thundercloud Project]: Exploring high-energy phenomena in thundercloud and lightning. [https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00395-3 -> Nature Article]<br />
* [http://cosmicwatch.lns.mit.edu/ Cosmic Watch]: ''Cosmic Watch is simple, physics-motivated machine- and electronics-shop project for university students and schools''.<br />
* [https://www.blitzortung.org Blitzortung.org]: A truly inspiring community-based network for the detection and triangulation of lightning and thunderstorms.<br />
<br />
= The Hardware =<br />
<br />
=== SiPM PCB ===<br />
The SiPM photo sensor which detects the dim light generated inside the scintillation detector is mounted on a small [[Sipm_board|SiPM board]]. Different numbers of SiPMs and read-out configurations can be realized through it's flexible design.<br />
<br />
=== Preamplifier ===<br />
The [[preamplifier]] is located in close vicinity to the [[sipm_board|SiPM photodetector board]] and amplifies the weak signals for transmission to the [[muonpi_board|MuonPi]] board, where they are further processed and evaluated.<br />
<br />
=== The MuonPi-Board ===<br />
The main signal processing, voltage generation and parameter monitoring and adjustment is done on the Raspberry Pi plug-on [[muonpi_board|MuonPi Board]]. The board's design is open source hardware and exhibits only commercially available off-the-shelf components which can be obtained from several distributors. With some soldering experience, the MuonPi HAT can be assembled utilizing a standard soldering equipment. A how-to guide and useful hints are available in the [[Assembly Guide|Assembly Guide]].<br />
<br />
= The Software =<br />
The MuonPi software collection is entirely open source and [https://github.com/MuonPi available on github]<br />
It consists of several components:<br />
* '''muondetector-daemon''' The main control program running as a background system service on the RPi. The daemon configures, controls and supervises the components on the MuonPi HAT board, handles the comunication to the u-Blox chip and to the outside world via MQTT link and direct access socket, monitors system parameters, such as temperature, voltages, curent, rates etc., performs statistics collections, calculations and logging and much more. The daemon can be installed through the standard system software management tools (such as apt) from our [https://archive.muonpi.org package repository] or compiled from the [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector github source] and is everything which is needed to operate a MuonPi detector.<br />
* '''muondetector-gui''' A graphical user interface (GUI) program which can be launched on any computer in the same network as the MuonPi detector in order to monitor and adjust all operation parameters of the detector, if required. The GUI is available for [https://archive.muonpi.org download] as binary package for several platforms (Raspbian, Ubuntu, Windows) or can be compiled from the current [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector github master branch].<br />
* '''muondetector-login''' A small command line helper tool to initially set up the MQTT telemetry link. The program will ask for the supplied MQTT credentials and stores them locally in encrypted form for continuous use.<br />
* '''muondetector-cluster''' Allows the operation of a multi-detector cluster as an entity. The program is the cluster head or interface towards the server, searches for coincidences within the cluster and sends the combined coincidence events instead of the single event telegrams to the server. One cluster instance is also running on the main server collecting the data streams from the entire network, finding the online coincidences and writing the coincidence events as well as detailed logs and statistics summaries into the MuonPi InfluxDB database. The source code is available in the [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector-cluster cluster github repository].<br />
<br />
= Setup and Operation of the Detector =<br />
Here you find a collection of HOW-TOs useful to procure, set up, and operate a detector:<br />
<br />
*[[How do I get a detector?|How do I get a detector?]]<br />
<br />
*[[The Detector|How to assemble the detector plates]]<br />
<br />
*[[Assembly Guide|MuonPi HAT assembly guide]]<br />
<br />
*[[Hardware Setup|How to set up the detector hardware]]<br />
<br />
*[[Raspberry Pi Setup|How to install and set up the MuonPi software]]<br />
<br />
*[[MuonPi - Grafana|How to view your detector data using Grafana]]<br />
<br />
*Detector Surveillance through a [[MuonPi Telegram Bot|Telegram Bot]]<br />
<br />
*[[time synchronization|How to set up Time Synchronization of the RPi through the GNSS receiver]]<br />
<br />
The completed setup is fairly insensitive to the location where it will operate.<br />
Basic requirement is a good GPS signal, low humidity and obviously power and network connectivity.<br />
A stable temperature for the scintillator and preamp is desirable, as it affects the noise level of the setup.<br />
Muons will penetrate several meters of granite rock, so placing the detector in the basement leaves the muon measurements unaffected.<br />
However due to radon collection in basement rooms and potassium decay a slightly higher natural radioactive background can be observed.<br />
<br />
In case there are problems with the set-up or operation of the detector, have a look in the [[Troubleshooting]] section.<br />
<br />
= Related Articles =<br />
<br />
[[News and articles]] about cosmic rays and similar projects.<br />
<br />
= Other languages =<br />
<br />
* [[Main Page/de]]<br />
<br />
= Admin Area = <br />
<br />
Useful [[resources]] for admins.<br />
<br />
= [[user detectors gallery|Gallery of Users' Detectors]] =<br />
<br />
= About this Wiki =<br />
* How to edit? [[help for creators]]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings List of config variables]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki-FAQ]<br />
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce Mailing list of new MediaWiki version announcements]<br />
<br />
----<br />
Sandbox page for testing/playing:<br />
* [[Sandbox]]</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=MuonPi_Telegram_Bot&diff=785MuonPi Telegram Bot2021-12-27T19:13:18Z<p>Lnies: /* Functionalities */</p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain how to set up a chat with our MuonPi Telegram Bot and how to register your chat with automatic detector and network-related updates.<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Tutorial written based on MuonPi Telegram Bot Version 1.1.0 (27th of December 2021)<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Add MuonPi-Bot to your chats =<br />
To verify your Telegram account with our Bot, please follow the steps below:<br />
* Make sure you accepted the usage of Telegram cookies with our website. To confirm this, go to the footer of the webpage and click cookie settings. <br />
* Log in to your [https://muonpi.org/member-home.php member area] and click the "Log in with Telegram" widget.<br />
* Enter your phone number to identify with your Telegram account. We do not save your phone number.<br />
* Telegram will send you a verification message for authentification. Please click accept.<br />
* Once accepted, the MuonPi-Bot will send you a welcome message and initializes a chat conversation.<br />
* By typing '/help' or '/menu' you can start accessing the Bot's features.<br />
* Optional: you can confirm your authentification with our website by checking the bottom left corner of the page when logged in to the member area. Your unique Telegram user ID should be displayed.<br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Telegram Cookies.png|Step 0: Varify and accept the Telegram cookies<br />
Telegram Step 1.png|Step 1: Log in with Telegram<br />
Telegram Step 2.png|Step 2: Enter credentials<br />
Telegram Step 3.png|Step 3: Accept verification<br />
Telegram Step 4.png|Step 4: Start chatting<br />
Telegram Step 5.png|Step 5: Verify authentification <br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
= Functionalities =<br />
Most of the Bot's features can be accessed and controlled via a convenient menu with buttons. However, command-line controls are available, too. <br />
== Account ==<br />
Manages accounts associated to the Telegram bot. Accounts are main LDAP user account with MuonPi (account to log in to the webpage) and MQTT accounts (accounts used for detectors to upload data).<br />
* Telegram Account Information: Prints information about the authenticated Telegram account<br />
* Remove Telegram Account: Removes Telegram account from the bot and deletes all database entries <br />
* Add MQTT Account: Add MQTT account to add detectors that are managed through the MQTT account<br />
* Remove MQTT Account: Removes chosen MQTT account<br />
== Watchdog == <br />
Surveil your detector by getting notified if something goes wrong. <br />
* Change Settings: Chose level of triggers to be received for a certain detector. The status accompanying each trigger is described [https://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Detector_Status here]. Settings are:<br />
** allon: All triggers are sent<br />
** alloff: No triggers are sent<br />
** essentialon: Only detector online and offline triggers are sent<br />
* Show all: Show current settings for all detectors<br />
* All on / All off: Turn on/off all triggers for all detectors<br />
== Daily == <br />
Daily updates for each detector can be sent using this function. <br />
* Change Settings (to be implemented)<br />
* Show all: Show current settings for the daily updates<br />
* All on / All off: Turns on/off daily updates for all detectors<br />
== Detectors == <br />
* Update Detectors: Once you authenticate an MQTT account, all detectors managed through that account are connected to your Telegram bot. In case some MQTT account adds a detector, you can update the list of detectors here<br />
* Remove Detector: Remove a certain detector from your list of detectors<br />
* Show all: Shows all detectors<br />
* Fetch data: Select a certain type of data for one of your detectors and get the mean value for the last 24 hours.<br />
* Summary: Get a daily summary for all you detectors whenever you want<br />
* Cluster: To be implemented. Replaced by Detector Network Processor.<br />
<br />
= Troubleshooting =<br />
It may be that you encounter some problems setting up the Bot. In case none of the following solutions solves your issue, please send a mail to support@muonpi.org and we will try to assist. <br />
* I can't see the Telegram log in widget:<br />
** It may be you have not accepted the Telegram cookie, please check your settings and accept the Telegram cookie<br />
** In case you remove your account using the Bot and you decided to authenticate again, you might need to log out and log back in into the member area<br />
* My daily updates are empty (showing only zeros)<br />
** Detector is offline and there is no data in the Influx database for the last 24 hours<br />
<br />
= Changelog = <br />
== Version 1.1.0 (27/12/2021)<br />
* User authentication reworked: once authenticated through the webpage, you can add and remove MQTT accounts to your Bot. This is especially useful if you share a detector with a group of administrators. <br />
* Reimplemented watchdog triggers from the Detector Network Processor (DNP). You can now choose between different levels of triggers being sent to you.<br />
* Detector summary, aka daily update, now shows more and slightly updated information<br />
* Various bug fixes, e.g. spam protection not being reset, and more</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=MuonPi_Telegram_Bot&diff=784MuonPi Telegram Bot2021-12-27T19:06:30Z<p>Lnies: /* Watchdog */</p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain how to set up a chat with our MuonPi Telegram Bot and how to register your chat with automatic detector and network-related updates.<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Tutorial written based on MuonPi Telegram Bot Version 1.1.0 (27th of December 2021)<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Add MuonPi-Bot to your chats =<br />
To verify your Telegram account with our Bot, please follow the steps below:<br />
* Make sure you accepted the usage of Telegram cookies with our website. To confirm this, go to the footer of the webpage and click cookie settings. <br />
* Log in to your [https://muonpi.org/member-home.php member area] and click the "Log in with Telegram" widget.<br />
* Enter your phone number to identify with your Telegram account. We do not save your phone number.<br />
* Telegram will send you a verification message for authentification. Please click accept.<br />
* Once accepted, the MuonPi-Bot will send you a welcome message and initializes a chat conversation.<br />
* By typing '/help' or '/menu' you can start accessing the Bot's features.<br />
* Optional: you can confirm your authentification with our website by checking the bottom left corner of the page when logged in to the member area. Your unique Telegram user ID should be displayed.<br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Telegram Cookies.png|Step 0: Varify and accept the Telegram cookies<br />
Telegram Step 1.png|Step 1: Log in with Telegram<br />
Telegram Step 2.png|Step 2: Enter credentials<br />
Telegram Step 3.png|Step 3: Accept verification<br />
Telegram Step 4.png|Step 4: Start chatting<br />
Telegram Step 5.png|Step 5: Verify authentification <br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
= Functionalities =<br />
Most of the Bot's features can be accessed and controlled via a convenient menu with buttons. However, command-line controls are available, too. <br />
== Account ==<br />
Manages accounts associated to the Telegram bot. Accounts are main LDAP user account with MuonPi (account to log in to the webpage) and MQTT accounts (accounts used for detectors to upload data).<br />
* Telegram Account Information: Prints information about the authenticated Telegram account<br />
* Remove Telegram Account: Removes Telegram account from the bot and deletes all database entries <br />
* Add MQTT Account: Add MQTT account to add detectors that are managed through the MQTT account<br />
* Remove MQTT Account: Removes chosen MQTT account<br />
== Watchdog == <br />
Surveil your detector by getting notified if something goes wrong. <br />
* Change Settings: Chose level of triggers to be received for a certain detector. The status accompanying each trigger are described [https://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Detector_Status here]. Settings are:<br />
** allon: All triggers are sent<br />
** alloff: No triggers are sent<br />
** essentialon: Only detector online and offline triggers are sent<br />
* Show all: Show current settings for all detectors<br />
* All on / All off: Turn on/off all triggers for all detectors<br />
<br />
= Troubleshooting =<br />
It may be that you encounter some problems setting up the Bot. In case none of the following solutions solves your issue, please send a mail to support@muonpi.org and we will try to assist. <br />
* I can't see the Telegram log in widget:<br />
** It may be you have not accepted the Telegram cookie, please check your settings and accept the Telegram cookie<br />
** In case you remove your account using the Bot and you decided to authenticate again, you might need to log out and log back in into the member area<br />
* My daily updates are empty (showing only zeros)<br />
** Detector is offline and there is no data in the Influx database for the last 24 hours<br />
<br />
= Changelog = <br />
== Version 1.1.0 (27/12/2021)<br />
* User authentication reworked: once authenticated through the webpage, you can add and remove MQTT accounts to your Bot. This is especially useful if you share a detector with a group of administrators. <br />
* Reimplemented watchdog triggers from the Detector Network Processor (DNP). You can now choose between different levels of triggers being sent to you.<br />
* Detector summary, aka daily update, now shows more and slightly updated information<br />
* Various bug fixes, e.g. spam protection not being reset, and more</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=MuonPi_Telegram_Bot&diff=783MuonPi Telegram Bot2021-12-27T19:05:00Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain how to set up a chat with our MuonPi Telegram Bot and how to register your chat with automatic detector and network-related updates.<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Tutorial written based on MuonPi Telegram Bot Version 1.1.0 (27th of December 2021)<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Add MuonPi-Bot to your chats =<br />
To verify your Telegram account with our Bot, please follow the steps below:<br />
* Make sure you accepted the usage of Telegram cookies with our website. To confirm this, go to the footer of the webpage and click cookie settings. <br />
* Log in to your [https://muonpi.org/member-home.php member area] and click the "Log in with Telegram" widget.<br />
* Enter your phone number to identify with your Telegram account. We do not save your phone number.<br />
* Telegram will send you a verification message for authentification. Please click accept.<br />
* Once accepted, the MuonPi-Bot will send you a welcome message and initializes a chat conversation.<br />
* By typing '/help' or '/menu' you can start accessing the Bot's features.<br />
* Optional: you can confirm your authentification with our website by checking the bottom left corner of the page when logged in to the member area. Your unique Telegram user ID should be displayed.<br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Telegram Cookies.png|Step 0: Varify and accept the Telegram cookies<br />
Telegram Step 1.png|Step 1: Log in with Telegram<br />
Telegram Step 2.png|Step 2: Enter credentials<br />
Telegram Step 3.png|Step 3: Accept verification<br />
Telegram Step 4.png|Step 4: Start chatting<br />
Telegram Step 5.png|Step 5: Verify authentification <br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
= Functionalities =<br />
Most of the Bot's features can be accessed and controlled via a convenient menu with buttons. However, command-line controls are available, too. <br />
== Account ==<br />
Manages accounts associated to the Telegram bot. Accounts are main LDAP user account with MuonPi (account to log in to the webpage) and MQTT accounts (accounts used for detectors to upload data).<br />
* Telegram Account Information: Prints information about the authenticated Telegram account<br />
* Remove Telegram Account: Removes Telegram account from the bot and deletes all database entries <br />
* Add MQTT Account: Add MQTT account to add detectors that are managed through the MQTT account<br />
* Remove MQTT Account: Removes chosen MQTT account<br />
== Watchdog == <br />
Surveil your detector by getting notified if something goes wrong. <br />
* Change Settings: Chose level of triggers to be received for a certain detector. The status accompanying each trigger are described [https://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Detector_Status | here]. Settings are:<br />
** allon: All triggers are sent.<br />
** alloff: No triggers are sent.<br />
** essentialon: Only detector online and offline triggers are sent.<br />
<br />
<br />
= Troubleshooting =<br />
It may be that you encounter some problems setting up the Bot. In case none of the following solutions solves your issue, please send a mail to support@muonpi.org and we will try to assist. <br />
* I can't see the Telegram log in widget:<br />
** It may be you have not accepted the Telegram cookie, please check your settings and accept the Telegram cookie<br />
** In case you remove your account using the Bot and you decided to authenticate again, you might need to log out and log back in into the member area<br />
* My daily updates are empty (showing only zeros)<br />
** Detector is offline and there is no data in the Influx database for the last 24 hours<br />
<br />
= Changelog = <br />
== Version 1.1.0 (27/12/2021)<br />
* User authentication reworked: once authenticated through the webpage, you can add and remove MQTT accounts to your Bot. This is especially useful if you share a detector with a group of administrators. <br />
* Reimplemented watchdog triggers from the Detector Network Processor (DNP). You can now choose between different levels of triggers being sent to you.<br />
* Detector summary, aka daily update, now shows more and slightly updated information<br />
* Various bug fixes, e.g. spam protection not being reset, and more</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Troubleshooting&diff=693Troubleshooting2021-04-18T14:43:54Z<p>Lnies: /* Deteriorating light-tightness */</p>
<hr />
<div>under construction :)<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Detector Setup = <br />
<br />
= Detector Operation = <br />
Here we will collect issues that might arise during long-term detector operation and propose simple remedies to solve most problems.<br />
<br />
== Deteriorating light-tightness ==<br />
<br />
Scintillation detectors used in ambient conditions are usually housed in a light-tight casing (additionally to the reflective coatings used for improving light collection). In our case, to cut costs, we are using pond liner and black tape. Small light-leaks are usually found coincidentally by the detector being exposed to a flashlight beam or by direct sunlight. The latter leaves a periodic time pattern in some of the log data. For example, your detector is exposed to direct sunlight for the first 30 minutes after sunrise. Then you'll likely find that your count rate will decrease while your bias voltage drops and the current increases. This can easily be prevented by covering the detector with a black cloth or locating it in a location without direct sunlight exposure. <br />
<br />
For our earlier detector models (serial numbers < X), detaching tape is a known issue. We are using quite expensive 3M tape (50 EUR / 10 meters), which, in principle, can also be used in a high-humidity environment. The problem lies within the fact that, despite all taken precautions, the optical grease used for coupling the photo-detector with the scintillator tends to seep into the detector and might lead to the tape detaching close to the photodetector. It's tough to get rid of the grease from the surfaces, and even when using ethanol, one is never able to remove all residue completely. In newer detector versions (serial numbers > X), we use optical glue that permanently glues the photo-detector to the scintillator. In case some tape is detaching from your detector, especially in the vicinity of the photosensor, please try to attach it again and use some additional tape if needed. "Viel hilft viel": the more, the better.</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Troubleshooting&diff=692Troubleshooting2021-04-18T14:17:17Z<p>Lnies: Created page with "under construction :) __TOC__ = Detector Setup = = Detector Operation = Here we will collect issues that might arise during long-term detector operation and propose simpl..."</p>
<hr />
<div>under construction :)<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Detector Setup = <br />
<br />
= Detector Operation = <br />
Here we will collect issues that might arise during long-term detector operation and propose simple remedies to solve most problems.<br />
<br />
== Deteriorating light-tightness ==<br />
<br />
Scintillation detectors used in ambient conditions are usually housed in a light-tight casing (additionally to the reflective coatings used for improving light collection. In our case, to cut costs, we are using</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=688Main Page2021-04-01T18:32:02Z<p>Lnies: /* Setup and Operation of the Detector */</p>
<hr />
<div>= The MuonPi Cosmic Detector Project =<br />
The MuonPi Project is a [https://www.raspberrypi.org/ RaspberryPi]-based system using an inexpensive plastic [[Scintillator|scintillator]] + [[Silicon photomultiplier|SiPM]] photo sensor to detect muons from cosmic air showers with a time-stamping accuracy of several tens of nanoseconds utilizing the [https://www.u-blox.com/en/product/neo-m8-series u-blox NEO-M8N GNSS] module's "timemark" feature.<br />
<br />
==== Learn about cosmic radiation ====<br />
* Get started with [[Cosmic Rays]], especially [[Muon]]s<br />
<br />
*[https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/2019/7/16/17690740/cosmic-rays-universe-theory-science Extremely powerful cosmic rays are raining down on us. No one knows where they come from.] But with large-scale experiments, scientists around the world are determined to find out. ''Vox'' Jul 25, 2019<br />
<br />
*[https://home.cern/science/physics/cosmic-rays-particles-outer-space Cosmic rays: particles from outer space] Earth is subject to a constant bombardment of subatomic particles that can reach energies far higher than the largest machines. ''CERN''<br />
<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/mediathek/podcast/kosmische-strahlung/ "Kosmische Strahlung"] Podcast (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/thema/bmbf/astro-undastroteilchenphysik/der-kosmischen-strahlung-auf-der-spur/ "Der kosmischen Strahlung auf der Spur"] article (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/gebiet/universum/news/2017/kosmische-teilchen-mit-extragalaktischem-ursprung/ "Kosmische Teilchen mit extragalaktischem Ursprung"] article (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
<br />
==== Learn about the detectors ====<br />
* Basics of [[Scintillator]]s<br />
* Find out about [[Silicon photomultiplier|Silicon Photomultipliers]]<br />
* How our [[The Detector|Detectors]] are assembled<br />
<br />
==== Related and similar projects ====<br />
<br />
* [http://cosmicpi.org/ CosmicPi]: A CERN-based project that aims to build the world's largest open-source distributed cosmic ray telescope. <br />
* [https://www.hisparc.nl/en/ HiSPARC]: A distributed muon detection network aimed for high-schools and an experience of over 15 years.<br />
* [https://academic.oup.com/ptep/article/2020/10/103H01/5885093?login=true Thundercloud Project]: Exploring high-energy phenomena in thundercloud and lightning. [https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00395-3 -> Nature Article]<br />
<br />
= The Hardware =<br />
<br />
=== SiPM PCB ===<br />
The SiPM photo sensor which detects the dim light generated inside the scintillation detector is mounted on a small [[Sipm_board|SiPM board]]. Different numbers of SiPMs and read-out configurations can be realized through it's flexible design.<br />
<br />
=== Preamplifier ===<br />
The [[preamplifier]] is located in close vicinity to the [[sipm_board|SiPM photodetector board]] and amplifies the weak signals for transmission to the [[muonpi_board|MuonPi]] board, where they are further processed and evaluated.<br />
<br />
=== The MuonPi-Board ===<br />
The main signal processing, voltage generation and parameter monitoring and adjustment is done on the Raspberry Pi plug-on [[muonpi_board|MuonPi Board]]. The board's design is open source hardware and exhibits only commercially available off-the-shelf components which can be obtained from several distributors. With some soldering experience, the MuonPi HAT can be assembled utilizing a standard soldering equipment. A how-to guide and useful hints are available in the [[Assembly Guide|Assembly Guide]].<br />
<br />
= The Software =<br />
The MuonPi software collection is entirely open source and [https://github.com/MuonPi available on github]<br />
It consists of several components:<br />
* '''muondetector-daemon''' The main control program running as a background system service on the RPi. The daemon configures, controls and supervises the components on the MuonPi HAT board, handles the comunication to the u-Blox chip and to the outside world via MQTT link and direct access socket, monitors system parameters, such as temperature, voltages, curent, rates etc., performs statistics collections, calculations and logging and much more. The daemon can be installed through the standard system software management tools (such as apt) from our [https://archive.muonpi.org package repository] or compiled from the [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector github source] and is everything which is needed to operate a MuonPi detector.<br />
* '''muondetector-gui''' A graphical user interface (GUI) program which can be launched on any computer in the same network as the MuonPi detector in order to monitor and adjust all operation parameters of the detector, if required. The GUI is available for [https://archive.muonpi.org download] as binary package for several platforms (Raspbian, Ubuntu, Windows) or can be compiled from the current [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector github master branch].<br />
* '''muondetector-login''' A small command line helper tool to initially set up the MQTT telemetry link. The program will ask for the supplied MQTT credentials and stores them locally in encrypted form for continuous use.<br />
* '''muondetector-cluster''' Allows the operation of a multi-detector cluster as an entity. The program is the cluster head or interface towards the server, searches for coincidences within the cluster and sends the combined coincidence events instead of the single event telegrams to the server. One cluster instance is also running on the main server collecting the data streams from the entire network, finding the online coincidences and writing the coincidence events as well as detailed logs and statistics summaries into the MuonPi InfluxDB database. The source code is available in the [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector-cluster cluster github repository].<br />
<br />
= Setup and Operation of the Detector =<br />
Here you find a collection of HOW-TOs useful to procure, set up, and operate a detector:<br />
<br />
*[[How do I get a detector?|How do I get a detector?]]<br />
<br />
*[[The Detector|How to assemble the detector plates]]<br />
<br />
*[[Assembly Guide|MuonPi HAT assembly guide]]<br />
<br />
*[[Hardware Setup|How to set up the detector hardware]]<br />
<br />
*[[Raspberry Pi Setup|How to install and set up the MuonPi software]]<br />
<br />
*[[MuonPi - Grafana|How to view your detector data using Grafana]]<br />
<br />
*Detector Surveillance through a [[MuonPi Telegram Bot|Telegram Bot]]<br />
<br />
*[[time synchronization|How to set up Time Synchronization of the RPi through the GNSS receiver]]<br />
<br />
The completed setup is fairly insensitive to the location where it will operate.<br />
Basic requirement is a good GPS signal, low humidity and obviously power and network connectivity.<br />
A stable temperature for the scintillator and preamp is desirable, as it affects the noise level of the setup.<br />
Muons will penetrate several meters of granite rock, so placing the detector in the basement leaves the muon measurements unaffected.<br />
However due to radon collection in basement rooms and potassium decay a slightly higher natural radioactive background can be observed.<br />
<br />
In case there are problems with the set-up or operation of the detector, have a look in the [[Troubleshooting]] section.<br />
<br />
= Related Articles =<br />
<br />
[[News and articles]] about cosmic rays and similar projects.<br />
<br />
= Other languages =<br />
<br />
* [[Main Page/de]]<br />
<br />
= Admin Area = <br />
<br />
Useful [[resources]] for admins.<br />
<br />
= [[user detectors gallery|Gallery of Users' Detectors]] =<br />
<br />
= About this Wiki =<br />
* How to edit? [[help for creators]]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings List of config variables]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki-FAQ]<br />
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce Mailing list of new MediaWiki version announcements]<br />
<br />
----<br />
Sandbox page for testing/playing:<br />
* [[Sandbox]]</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=User_detectors_gallery&diff=680User detectors gallery2021-03-16T09:10:06Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div><div><br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Image:MuonPi-UserSetUp1.jpg|Users setup of the MuonPi detector next to the WiFi router.<br />
Image:User detector dl4ina.jpg|User setup of DL4INA with single-channel connected hexagonal scintillator. <br />
Image:User_detector_slu.jpg| User setup of slu with custom 3D printed encasing<br />
Image:Detector_user_mw1cf.jpg| User setup of mw1cfwith, from his [https://mw1cfnradio.blogspot.com/2020/12/a-minor-departure-from-things-entirely.html blogpost]<br />
Image:Detector_user_mmo.jpg| User setup of mmo with operating on a Raspberry Pi 0 WH<br />
</gallery><br />
</div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=File:Detector_user_mmo.jpg&diff=679File:Detector user mmo.jpg2021-03-16T09:08:37Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=User_detectors_gallery&diff=678User detectors gallery2021-03-13T18:50:47Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div><div><br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Image:MuonPi-UserSetUp1.jpg|Users setup of the MuonPi detector next to the WiFi router.<br />
Image:User detector dl4ina.jpg|User setup of DL4INA with single-channel connected hexagonal scintillator. <br />
Image:User_detector_slu.jpg| User setup of slu with custom 3D printed encasing<br />
Image:Detector_user_mw1cf.jpg| User setup of mw1cfwith, from his [https://mw1cfnradio.blogspot.com/2020/12/a-minor-departure-from-things-entirely.html blogpost]<br />
</gallery><br />
</div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=File:Detector_user_mw1cf.jpg&diff=677File:Detector user mw1cf.jpg2021-03-13T18:45:54Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=User_detectors_gallery&diff=676User detectors gallery2021-03-13T18:33:51Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div><div><br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Image:MuonPi-UserSetUp1.jpg|Users setup of the MuonPi detector next to the WiFi router.<br />
Image:User detector dl4ina.jpg|User setup of DL4INA with single-channel connected hexagonal scintillator. <br />
Image:User_detector_slu.jpg| User setup of slu with custom 3D printed encasing<br />
</gallery><br />
</div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=File:User_detector_slu.jpg&diff=675File:User detector slu.jpg2021-03-13T18:31:53Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=MuonPi_Telegram_Bot&diff=653MuonPi Telegram Bot2021-02-28T21:34:05Z<p>Lnies: /* Add MuonPi-Bot to your chats */</p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain how to set up a chat with our MuonPi Telegram Bot and how to register your chat with automatic detector and network-related updates.<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Tutorial written based on MuonPi Telegram Bot Version 1.0.2 (28th of February 2021)<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Add MuonPi-Bot to your chats =<br />
To verify your Telegram account with our Bot, please follow the steps below:<br />
* Make sure you accepted the usage of Telegram cookies with our website. To confirm this, go to the footer of the webpage and click cookie settings. <br />
* Log in to your [https://muonpi.org/member-home.php member area] and click the "Log in with Telegram" widget.<br />
* Enter your phone number to identify with your Telegram account. We do not save your phone number.<br />
* Telegram will send you a verification message for authentification. Please click accept.<br />
* Once accepted, the MuonPi-Bot will send you a welcome message and initializes a chat conversation.<br />
* By typing '/help' or '/menu' you can start accessing the Bot's features.<br />
* Optional: you can confirm your authentification with our website by checking the bottom left corner of the page when logged in to the member area. Your unique Telegram user ID should be displayed.<br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Telegram Cookies.png|Step 0: Varify and accept the Telegram cookies<br />
Telegram Step 1.png|Step 1: Log in with Telegram<br />
Telegram Step 2.png|Step 2: Enter credentials<br />
Telegram Step 3.png|Step 3: Accept verification<br />
Telegram Step 4.png|Step 4: Start chatting<br />
Telegram Step 5.png|Step 5: Verify authentification <br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
= Functionalities =<br />
Most of the Bot's features can be accessed and controlled via a convenient menu with buttons. However, command-line controls are available, too. <br />
== Account ==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
= Troubleshooting =<br />
It may be that you encounter some problems setting up the Bot. In case none of the following solutions solves your issue, please send a mail to support@muonpi.org and we will try to assist. <br />
* I can't see the Telegram log in widget:<br />
** It may be you have not accepted the Telegram cookie, please check your settings and accept the Telegram cookie<br />
** In case you remove your account using the Bot and you decided to authenticate again, you might need to log out and log back in into the member area</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=MuonPi_Telegram_Bot&diff=652MuonPi Telegram Bot2021-02-28T18:11:21Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain how to set up a chat with our MuonPi Telegram Bot and how to register your chat with automatic detector and network-related updates.<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Tutorial written based on MuonPi Telegram Bot Version 1.0.2 (28th of February 2021)<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Add MuonPi-Bot to your chats =<br />
To verify your Telegram account with our Bot, please follow the steps below:<br />
* Make sure you accepted the usage of Telegram cookies with our website. To confirm this, go to the footer of the webpage and click cookie settings. <br />
* Log in to your [member area | https://muonpi.org/member-home.php] and click the "Log in with Telegram" widget.<br />
* Enter your phone number to identify with your Telegram account. We do not save your phone number.<br />
* Telegram will send you a verification message for authentification. Please click accept.<br />
* Once accepted, the MuonPi-Bot will send you a welcome message and initializes a chat conversation.<br />
* By typing '/help' or '/menu' you can start accessing the Bot's features.<br />
* Optional: you can confirm your authentification with our website by checking the bottom left corner of the page when logged in to the member area. Your unique Telegram user ID should be displayed.<br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Telegram Cookies.png|Step 0: Varify and accept the Telegram cookies<br />
Telegram Step 1.png|Step 1: Log in with Telegram<br />
Telegram Step 2.png|Step 2: Enter credentials<br />
Telegram Step 3.png|Step 3: Accept verification<br />
Telegram Step 4.png|Step 4: Start chatting<br />
Telegram Step 5.png|Step 5: Verify authentification <br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
= Functionalities =<br />
Most of the Bot's features can be accessed and controlled via a convenient menu with buttons. However, command-line controls are available, too. <br />
== Account ==<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
= Troubleshooting =<br />
It may be that you encounter some problems setting up the Bot. In case none of the following solutions solves your issue, please send a mail to support@muonpi.org and we will try to assist. <br />
* I can't see the Telegram log in widget:<br />
** It may be you have not accepted the Telegram cookie, please check your settings and accept the Telegram cookie<br />
** In case you remove your account using the Bot and you decided to authenticate again, you might need to log out and log back in into the member area</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=MuonPi_Telegram_Bot&diff=651MuonPi Telegram Bot2021-02-28T17:54:07Z<p>Lnies: /* Add MuonPi Bot to your chats */</p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain how to set up a chat with our MuonPi Telegram Bot and how to register your chat with automatic detector and network-related updates.<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Tutorial written based on MuonPi Telegram Bot Version 1.0.2 (28th of February 2021)<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Add MuonPi-Bot to your chats =<br />
To verify your Telegram account with our Bot, please follow the steps below:<br />
* Make sure you accepted the usage of Telegram cookies with our website. To confirm this, go to the footer of the webpage and click cookie settings. <br />
* Log in to your [member area | https://muonpi.org/member-home.php] and click the "Log in with Telegram" widget.<br />
* Enter your phone number to identify with your Telegram account. We do not save your phone number.<br />
* Telegram will send you a verification message for authentification. Please click accept.<br />
* Once accepted, the MuonPi-Bot will send you a welcome message and initializes a chat conversation.<br />
* By typing '/help' or '/menu' you can start accessing the Bot's features.<br />
* Optional: you can confirm your authentification with our website by checking the bottom left corner of the page when logged in to the member area. Your unique Telegram user ID should be displayed.<br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Telegram Cookies.png|Step 0: Varify and accept the Telegram cookies<br />
Telegram Step 1.png|Step 1: Log in with Telegram<br />
Telegram Step 2.png|Step 2: Enter credentials<br />
Telegram Step 3.png|Step 3: Accept verification<br />
Telegram Step 4.png|Step 4: Start chatting<br />
Telegram Step 5.png|Step 5: Verify authentification <br />
</gallery></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=MuonPi_Telegram_Bot&diff=650MuonPi Telegram Bot2021-02-28T17:45:43Z<p>Lnies: /* Add MuonPi Bot to your chats */</p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain how to set up a chat with our MuonPi Telegram Bot and how to register your chat with automatic detector and network-related updates.<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Tutorial written based on MuonPi Telegram Bot Version 1.0.2 (28th of February 2021)<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Add MuonPi Bot to your chats =<br />
<br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Telegram Cookies.png|Step 0: Varify and accept the Telegram cookies<br />
Telegram Step 1.png|Step 1: Log in with Telegram<br />
Telegram Step 2.png|Step 2: Enter credentials<br />
Telegram Step 3.png|Step 3: Accept verification<br />
Telegram Step 4.png|Step 4: Start chatting<br />
Telegram Step 5.png|Step 5: Verify authentification <br />
</gallery></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=MuonPi_Telegram_Bot&diff=649MuonPi Telegram Bot2021-02-28T17:44:33Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain how to set up a chat with our MuonPi Telegram Bot and how to register your chat with automatic detector and network-related updates.<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Tutorial written based on MuonPi Telegram Bot Version 1.0.2 (28th of February 2021)<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Add MuonPi Bot to your chats =<br />
<br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Telegram Cookies.PNG|Step 0: Varify and accept the Telegram cookies<br />
Telegram Step 1.PNG|Step 1: Log in with Telegram<br />
Telegram Step 2.PNG|Step 2: Enter credentials<br />
Telegram Step 3.PNG|Step 3: Accept verification<br />
Telegram Step 4.PNG|Step 4: Start chatting<br />
Telegram Step 5.PNG|Step 5: Verify authentification <br />
</gallery></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=MuonPi_-_Grafana&diff=648MuonPi - Grafana2021-02-28T17:39:57Z<p>Lnies: /* Login to our Grafana service */</p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain how to view your detector data using the MuonPi Grafana Dashboards. Most of the panels on a dashboard have a small information icon on the top left with a quick explanation of what is shown within the panel.<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Internet connection required. Tutorial written based on the layout in December 2020.<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Login to our Grafana service =<br />
<br />
As a user/host of a detector with an LDAP account, you have the option to log in to Grafana to view an extensive record of data collected by the MuonPi network. <br />
# Simply go to [https://grafana.muonpi.org Grafana] and click the login button on the lower left of the screen. Log in using your LDAP credentials received through one of our admins. <br />
# Use the search function (top left) to display all available dashboards. There are several options and different drop-down menus. <br />
# Choose the "Logstats for Users" dashboard. Currently, the loading time can be up to several minutes due to a large load on the server.<br />
# Under the drop-down menu "user_id_string" you can select your user account and display various different data uplinked by your detector. If you have more than one detector, all of your stations will be displayed on this page. <br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Grafana_Tut_1.PNG|Step 1: Log in<br />
Grafana_Tut_2.PNG|Step 2: Search for dashboards<br />
Grafana_Tut_3.PNG|Step 3 & 4: Choose "Logstats for Users" and select your LDAP user name<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
= MuonPi Dashboards =<br />
In this chapter, different dashboards will be introduced. Before diving in, a short summary of measurement variables and definitions is given in the following.<br />
<br />
== Terminology ==<br />
<br />
Some of the measurements on the MuonPi dashboards can have a rather technical nomenclature, here a short introduction to some of the variables. <br />
* '''XOR Count Rate'''. Our MuonPi hat has two independent signal input channels. Using a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XOR_gate XOR gate] we can summarize the two channels to one: with XOR logic, we only get a contribution to the count rate when either of the channels sees an event. '''In practice''', most of the issued stations only use a single detector with a single channel. Thus, the XOR rate corresponds to the detector count rate. <br />
* '''L1 Events'''. To get a hold of the immense amount of incoming data, we perform online data processing to find interesting data matches. If two or more events occur "coincidentally", that is, in a short defined time window, then these events get grouped to an L1 Event for further data processing. The level of an L1 Event is defined by the amount of matched events, where the lowest level is, by definition, two. All other events are of course not thrown away, since they, too, can yield meaningful results.<br />
* '''GNSS''' refers to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_navigation Global Navigation Satellite System] that not only includes the GPS satellites, but also European, Chinese, and Russian services with Japanese and Indian contribution planned for the future. <br />
<br />
== Public Dashboards ==<br />
<br />
Without logging in to Grafana, one public dashboard is available: <br />
* '''MuonPi Overview''': on this dashboard, you will find general statistics of the MuonPi network, e.g. the total number of measured events, the total number of so-called "Level 1" events, number of registered users, and unique detectors, etc. A map of online detectors is also presented. The actual detector location on this map is slightly distorted to guarantee user privacy.<br />
<br />
== User-only Dashboards == <br />
<br />
As a MuonPi user, e.g. a supporter and host of a detector unit, one has access to most of the data measured with the MuonPi detector network. This data can be displayed most conveniently sorted by users. Additionally, more in-depth meta-data of the detector network is shown. <br />
<br />
=== Logstats for User === <br />
[[File:Logstats_for_Users.png|thumb|right|Logstats for Users Dashboard]]<br />
The probably most important dashboard for our the MuonPi users: here one can find all upstreamed data sorted by user. On the top-left of this dashboard, one can choose the user ID and display the corresponding data. If a user operates more than one station then the data will be combined in the different entries below.<br />
* '''Last Data Entry''' shows when the last data package arrived from the user. This can be helpful for debugging.<br />
* '''Total Detector Sites''' shows the total number of online detectors within the selected time interval.<br />
* '''User's Detector Sites''' shows the total number of online detectors operated by the user within the selected time interval.<br />
* '''Total Muon Events''' shows the total amount of measured events from the user's detectors. <br />
* '''Total Events in Interval''' shows the total amount of measured events from the user's detectors within the time interval.<br />
* '''Rate Stats''' shows the "exclusive or" (XOR) rate, the rate of incoming events at the server (message rate) and the event rate as measured by the hardware counter in the Ublox chip (Ublox counter progress) as an independent measurement.<br />
* '''GPIO Rates''' shows the event rate registered at the GPIO pins of the Raspberry Pi only. In opposite to the rate stats, beside the XOR rate also the AND rate is shown here. This is usually meaningful when the coincidence of the two hardware channels is of interest, like e.g. the coincidence rate between two connected detectors.<br />
* '''Timestamping Accuracy''' shows the single detector time accuracy of the event timestamps. This value is usually some tens of nanoseconds and is determined by the quality and quantity of the GNSS reception. This time stamping accuracy is not to be confused with the overall time resolution of the detector, even though both measures are related to the GNSS reception.<br />
* '''Temperature''' shows the temperature as measured on-board from the Raspberry Pi. <br />
* '''GNSS clock drift''' indicates the drift in frequency of the on-board local oscillator compared to the ultra-stable GNSS clock frequency. The on-board oscillator is compensated for the drift through this comparison.<br />
* '''GNSS Satellites''' shows the number of currently received GNSS satellites and the number of satellites which are considered for the positioning solution (position fix).<br />
* '''GNSS max CNR''' The reception fieldstrength of the GNNS satellite with strongest signal. The value indicates the margin of the carrier signal to the noise floor (Carrier-to-Noise Ratio CNR).<br />
* '''GNSS Preamp Noise Floor''' The currently observed noise floor at the GNSS-RX input in absolute logarithmic units referred to 1 mW per Hz.<br />
* '''GNSS RX Jamming Level''' A measurement for the existence of modulated interference in the reception bandwidth.<br />
* '''SiPM Bias Voltage''' and '''SiPM Bias Current''' show the measured applied bias voltage and the resulting current drawn to power the [[Silicon photomultiplier]] photo diode on the detector. The nominal values are some tens of microampere at 32V.<br />
* '''Thresholds''' (!)<br />
* '''Ublox Event Pulse Length''' The length of the digital pulse at the u-Blox interrupt input. The MuonPi electronics provides, depending on the selection of the timestamping source, signals with ~100 ns (discrimator outputs) or ~1 µs (XOR, AND signals).<br />
* '''Position Accuracy''' shows the geographical position accuracy given by the GNSS reception.<br />
* '''Ublox Event Counter''' A 16bit hardware counter internal to the u-Blox receiver chip. This counter provides an observable to the true detector count rate without dead-time effects. The timestamped events are usually registered at a lower rate since the u-Blox logic can only assert one external interrupt for timestamping every navigation epoch. The navigation epochs are at minimum 100 ms for the u-Blox NEO 7 and 8 chips.<br />
* '''Detector Location''' shows the average location of the detector during the chosen time interval. The circle is color-coded based on position accuracy (note the color legend).<br />
* '''Geographic Coordinates''' shows the coordinates in latitude, longitude, and height above MSL (mean sea level).<br />
* '''Station CPU Load''' shows the CPU load average of the Raspberry Pi.<br />
* '''Station Free Memory''' shows the Free Memory and the Free Swap of the Raspberry Pi. <br />
* '''Coincidence Level''' shows the Level of matched L1 Events. <br />
[[File:L1_Events_Accumulation.PNG|thumb|right|Display of L1 Events between two close detectors. Note the accumulation of coincident events around zero time difference.]]<br />
* '''Coincidence Events''' shows the hourly number of L1 Events.<br />
* '''Coincidence Time''' shows the time difference in microseconds for matched events (L1 Events) to the other detector. The time window for searching L1 Events is 10 microseconds. If two detectors are operated closeby (stacked or next to each other), an accumulation of L1 Events close to 0 coincidence time can be found (see graphic). All other entries are random coincidences within the ten-microsecond search window. <br />
* '''Station Uptime''' shows the time since the last reboot of the detector station.</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=File:Telegram_Step_5.png&diff=647File:Telegram Step 5.png2021-02-28T17:38:32Z<p>Lnies: </p>
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<div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=File:Telegram_Step_3.png&diff=645File:Telegram Step 3.png2021-02-28T17:37:49Z<p>Lnies: </p>
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<div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=File:Telegram_Step_2.png&diff=644File:Telegram Step 2.png2021-02-28T17:37:24Z<p>Lnies: </p>
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<div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=File:Telegram_daily_updated.png&diff=643File:Telegram daily updated.png2021-02-28T17:36:40Z<p>Lnies: </p>
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<div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=File:Telegram_Cookies.png&diff=642File:Telegram Cookies.png2021-02-28T17:36:10Z<p>Lnies: </p>
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<div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=File:Telegram_Step_1.png&diff=641File:Telegram Step 1.png2021-02-28T17:26:04Z<p>Lnies: </p>
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<div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=640Main Page2021-02-23T21:00:02Z<p>Lnies: /* Related and similar projects */</p>
<hr />
<div>= The MuonPi Cosmic Detector Project =<br />
The MuonPi Project is a [https://www.raspberrypi.org/ RaspberryPi]-based system using an inexpensive plastic [[Scintillator|scintillator]] + [[Silicon photomultiplier|SiPM]] photo sensor to detect muons from cosmic air showers with a time-stamping accuracy of several tens of nanoseconds utilizing the [https://www.u-blox.com/en/product/neo-m8-series u-blox NEO-M8N GNSS] module's "timemark" feature.<br />
<br />
==== Learn about cosmic radiation ====<br />
* Get started with [[Cosmic Rays]], especially [[Muon]]s<br />
<br />
*[https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/2019/7/16/17690740/cosmic-rays-universe-theory-science Extremely powerful cosmic rays are raining down on us. No one knows where they come from.] But with large-scale experiments, scientists around the world are determined to find out. ''Vox'' Jul 25, 2019<br />
<br />
*[https://home.cern/science/physics/cosmic-rays-particles-outer-space Cosmic rays: particles from outer space] Earth is subject to a constant bombardment of subatomic particles that can reach energies far higher than the largest machines. ''CERN''<br />
<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/mediathek/podcast/kosmische-strahlung/ "Kosmische Strahlung"] Podcast (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/thema/bmbf/astro-undastroteilchenphysik/der-kosmischen-strahlung-auf-der-spur/ "Der kosmischen Strahlung auf der Spur"] article (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/gebiet/universum/news/2017/kosmische-teilchen-mit-extragalaktischem-ursprung/ "Kosmische Teilchen mit extragalaktischem Ursprung"] article (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
<br />
==== Learn about the detectors ====<br />
* Basics of [[Scintillator]]s<br />
* Find out about [[Silicon photomultiplier|Silicon Photomultipliers]]<br />
* How our [[The Detector|Detectors]] are assembled<br />
<br />
==== Related and similar projects ====<br />
<br />
* [http://cosmicpi.org/ CosmicPi]: A CERN-based project that aims to build the world's largest open-source distributed cosmic ray telescope. <br />
* [https://www.hisparc.nl/en/ HiSPARC]: A distributed muon detection network aimed for high-schools and an experience of over 15 years.<br />
* [https://academic.oup.com/ptep/article/2020/10/103H01/5885093?login=true Thundercloud Project]: Exploring high-energy phenomena in thundercloud and lightning. [https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00395-3 -> Nature Article]<br />
<br />
= The Hardware =<br />
<br />
=== SiPM PCB ===<br />
The SiPM photo sensor which detects the dim light generated inside the scintillation detector is mounted on a small [[Sipm_board|SiPM board]]. Different numbers of SiPMs and read-out configurations can be realized through it's flexible design.<br />
<br />
=== Preamplifier ===<br />
The [[preamplifier]] is located in close vicinity to the [[sipm_board|SiPM photodetector board]] and amplifies the weak signals for transmission to the [[muonpi_board|MuonPi]] board, where they are further processed and evaluated.<br />
<br />
=== The MuonPi-Board ===<br />
The main signal processing, voltage generation and parameter monitoring and adjustment is done on the Raspberry Pi plug-on [[muonpi_board|MuonPi Board]]. The board's design is open source hardware and exhibits only commercially available off-the-shelf components which can be obtained from several distributors. With some soldering experience, the MuonPi HAT can be assembled utilizing a standard soldering equipment. A how-to guide and useful hints are available in the [[Assembly Guide|Assembly Guide]].<br />
<br />
= The Software =<br />
The MuonPi software collection is entirely open source and [https://github.com/MuonPi available on github]<br />
It consists of several components:<br />
* '''muondetector-daemon''' The main control program running as a background system service on the RPi. The daemon configures, controls and supervises the components on the MuonPi HAT board, handles the comunication to the u-Blox chip and to the outside world via MQTT link and direct access socket, monitors system parameters, such as temperature, voltages, curent, rates etc., performs statistics collections, calculations and logging and much more. The daemon can be installed through the standard system software management tools (such as apt) from our [https://archive.muonpi.org package repository] or compiled from the [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector github source] and is everything which is needed to operate a MuonPi detector.<br />
* '''muondetector-gui''' A graphical user interface (GUI) program which can be launched on any computer in the same network as the MuonPi detector in order to monitor and adjust all operation parameters of the detector, if required. The GUI is available for [https://archive.muonpi.org download] as binary package for several platforms (Raspbian, Ubuntu, Windows) or can be compiled from the current [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector github master branch].<br />
* '''muondetector-login''' A small command line helper tool to initially set up the MQTT telemetry link. The program will ask for the supplied MQTT credentials and stores them locally in encrypted form for continuous use.<br />
* '''muondetector-cluster''' Allows the operation of a multi-detector cluster as an entity. The program is the cluster head or interface towards the server, searches for coincidences within the cluster and sends the combined coincidence events instead of the single event telegrams to the server. This tool is in development phase with more information about it's utilization to come in near future.<br />
<br />
= Setup and Operation of the Detector =<br />
Here you find a collection of HOW-TOs useful to set-up and operate a detector:<br />
<br />
*[[The Detector|How to assemble the detector plates]]<br />
<br />
*[[Assembly Guide|MuonPi HAT assembly guide]]<br />
<br />
*[[Hardware Setup|How to set up the detector hardware]]<br />
<br />
*[[Raspberry Pi Setup|How to install and set up the MuonPi software]]<br />
<br />
*[[MuonPi - Grafana|How to view your detector data using Grafana]]<br />
<br />
*Detector Surveillance through a [[MuonPi Telegram Bot|Telegram Bot]]<br />
<br />
The completed setup is fairly insensitive to the location where it will operate.<br />
Basic requirement is a good GPS signal, low humidity and obviously power and network connectivity.<br />
A stable temperature for the scintillator and preamp is desirable, as it affects the noise level of the setup.<br />
Muons will penetrate several meters of granite rock, so placing the detector in the basement leaves the muon measurements unaffected.<br />
However due to radon collection in basement rooms and potassium decay a slightly higher natural radioactive background can be observed.<br />
<br />
In case there are problems with the set-up or operation of the detector, have a look in the [[Troubleshooting]] section.<br />
<br />
= Related Articles =<br />
<br />
[[News and articles]] about cosmic rays and similar projects.<br />
<br />
= Other languages =<br />
<br />
* [[Main Page/de]]<br />
<br />
= Admin Area = <br />
<br />
Useful [[resources]] for admins.<br />
<br />
= [[user detectors gallery|Gallery of Users' Detectors]] =<br />
<br />
= About this Wiki =<br />
* How to edit? [[help for creators]]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings List of config variables]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki-FAQ]<br />
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce Mailing list of new MediaWiki version announcements]<br />
<br />
----<br />
Sandbox page for testing/playing:<br />
* [[Sandbox]]</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=639Main Page2021-02-23T20:57:03Z<p>Lnies: /* Related and similar projects */</p>
<hr />
<div>= The MuonPi Cosmic Detector Project =<br />
The MuonPi Project is a [https://www.raspberrypi.org/ RaspberryPi]-based system using an inexpensive plastic [[Scintillator|scintillator]] + [[Silicon photomultiplier|SiPM]] photo sensor to detect muons from cosmic air showers with a time-stamping accuracy of several tens of nanoseconds utilizing the [https://www.u-blox.com/en/product/neo-m8-series u-blox NEO-M8N GNSS] module's "timemark" feature.<br />
<br />
==== Learn about cosmic radiation ====<br />
* Get started with [[Cosmic Rays]], especially [[Muon]]s<br />
<br />
*[https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/2019/7/16/17690740/cosmic-rays-universe-theory-science Extremely powerful cosmic rays are raining down on us. No one knows where they come from.] But with large-scale experiments, scientists around the world are determined to find out. ''Vox'' Jul 25, 2019<br />
<br />
*[https://home.cern/science/physics/cosmic-rays-particles-outer-space Cosmic rays: particles from outer space] Earth is subject to a constant bombardment of subatomic particles that can reach energies far higher than the largest machines. ''CERN''<br />
<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/mediathek/podcast/kosmische-strahlung/ "Kosmische Strahlung"] Podcast (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/thema/bmbf/astro-undastroteilchenphysik/der-kosmischen-strahlung-auf-der-spur/ "Der kosmischen Strahlung auf der Spur"] article (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/gebiet/universum/news/2017/kosmische-teilchen-mit-extragalaktischem-ursprung/ "Kosmische Teilchen mit extragalaktischem Ursprung"] article (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
<br />
==== Learn about the detectors ====<br />
* Basics of [[Scintillator]]s<br />
* Find out about [[Silicon photomultiplier|Silicon Photomultipliers]]<br />
* How our [[The Detector|Detectors]] are assembled<br />
<br />
==== Related and similar projects ====<br />
<br />
* [http://cosmicpi.org/ CosmicPi]: A CERN-based project that aims to build the world's largest open-source distributed cosmic ray telescope. <br />
* [https://www.hisparc.nl/en/ HiSPARC]: A distributed muon detection network aimed for high-schools and an experience of over 15 years.<br />
* [https://www.hisparc.nl/en/ Thundercloud Project]: Exploring high-energy phenomena in thundercloud and lightning. [https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00395-3 -> Nature Article]<br />
<br />
= The Hardware =<br />
<br />
=== SiPM PCB ===<br />
The SiPM photo sensor which detects the dim light generated inside the scintillation detector is mounted on a small [[Sipm_board|SiPM board]]. Different numbers of SiPMs and read-out configurations can be realized through it's flexible design.<br />
<br />
=== Preamplifier ===<br />
The [[preamplifier]] is located in close vicinity to the [[sipm_board|SiPM photodetector board]] and amplifies the weak signals for transmission to the [[muonpi_board|MuonPi]] board, where they are further processed and evaluated.<br />
<br />
=== The MuonPi-Board ===<br />
The main signal processing, voltage generation and parameter monitoring and adjustment is done on the Raspberry Pi plug-on [[muonpi_board|MuonPi Board]]. The board's design is open source hardware and exhibits only commercially available off-the-shelf components which can be obtained from several distributors. With some soldering experience, the MuonPi HAT can be assembled utilizing a standard soldering equipment. A how-to guide and useful hints are available in the [[Assembly Guide|Assembly Guide]].<br />
<br />
= The Software =<br />
The MuonPi software collection is entirely open source and [https://github.com/MuonPi available on github]<br />
It consists of several components:<br />
* '''muondetector-daemon''' The main control program running as a background system service on the RPi. The daemon configures, controls and supervises the components on the MuonPi HAT board, handles the comunication to the u-Blox chip and to the outside world via MQTT link and direct access socket, monitors system parameters, such as temperature, voltages, curent, rates etc., performs statistics collections, calculations and logging and much more. The daemon can be installed through the standard system software management tools (such as apt) from our [https://archive.muonpi.org package repository] or compiled from the [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector github source] and is everything which is needed to operate a MuonPi detector.<br />
* '''muondetector-gui''' A graphical user interface (GUI) program which can be launched on any computer in the same network as the MuonPi detector in order to monitor and adjust all operation parameters of the detector, if required. The GUI is available for [https://archive.muonpi.org download] as binary package for several platforms (Raspbian, Ubuntu, Windows) or can be compiled from the current [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector github master branch].<br />
* '''muondetector-login''' A small command line helper tool to initially set up the MQTT telemetry link. The program will ask for the supplied MQTT credentials and stores them locally in encrypted form for continuous use.<br />
* '''muondetector-cluster''' Allows the operation of a multi-detector cluster as an entity. The program is the cluster head or interface towards the server, searches for coincidences within the cluster and sends the combined coincidence events instead of the single event telegrams to the server. This tool is in development phase with more information about it's utilization to come in near future.<br />
<br />
= Setup and Operation of the Detector =<br />
Here you find a collection of HOW-TOs useful to set-up and operate a detector:<br />
<br />
*[[The Detector|How to assemble the detector plates]]<br />
<br />
*[[Assembly Guide|MuonPi HAT assembly guide]]<br />
<br />
*[[Hardware Setup|How to set up the detector hardware]]<br />
<br />
*[[Raspberry Pi Setup|How to install and set up the MuonPi software]]<br />
<br />
*[[MuonPi - Grafana|How to view your detector data using Grafana]]<br />
<br />
*Detector Surveillance through a [[MuonPi Telegram Bot|Telegram Bot]]<br />
<br />
The completed setup is fairly insensitive to the location where it will operate.<br />
Basic requirement is a good GPS signal, low humidity and obviously power and network connectivity.<br />
A stable temperature for the scintillator and preamp is desirable, as it affects the noise level of the setup.<br />
Muons will penetrate several meters of granite rock, so placing the detector in the basement leaves the muon measurements unaffected.<br />
However due to radon collection in basement rooms and potassium decay a slightly higher natural radioactive background can be observed.<br />
<br />
In case there are problems with the set-up or operation of the detector, have a look in the [[Troubleshooting]] section.<br />
<br />
= Related Articles =<br />
<br />
[[News and articles]] about cosmic rays and similar projects.<br />
<br />
= Other languages =<br />
<br />
* [[Main Page/de]]<br />
<br />
= Admin Area = <br />
<br />
Useful [[resources]] for admins.<br />
<br />
= [[user detectors gallery|Gallery of Users' Detectors]] =<br />
<br />
= About this Wiki =<br />
* How to edit? [[help for creators]]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings List of config variables]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki-FAQ]<br />
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce Mailing list of new MediaWiki version announcements]<br />
<br />
----<br />
Sandbox page for testing/playing:<br />
* [[Sandbox]]</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=599Main Page2021-01-19T21:25:42Z<p>Lnies: /* The MuonPi Cosmic Detector Project */</p>
<hr />
<div>= The MuonPi Cosmic Detector Project =<br />
The MuonPi Project is a [https://www.raspberrypi.org/ RaspberryPi]-based system using an inexpensive plastic [[Scintillator|scintillator]] + [[Silicon photomultiplier|SiPM]] photo sensor to detect muons from cosmic air showers with a time-stamping accuracy of several tens of nanoseconds utilizing the [https://www.u-blox.com/en/product/neo-m8-series u-blox NEO-M8N GNSS] module's "timemark" feature.<br />
<br />
==== Learn about cosmic radiation ====<br />
* Get started with [[Cosmic Rays]], especially [[Muon]]s<br />
<br />
*[https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/2019/7/16/17690740/cosmic-rays-universe-theory-science Extremely powerful cosmic rays are raining down on us. No one knows where they come from.] But with large-scale experiments, scientists around the world are determined to find out. ''Vox'' Jul 25, 2019<br />
<br />
*[https://home.cern/science/physics/cosmic-rays-particles-outer-space Cosmic rays: particles from outer space] Earth is subject to a constant bombardment of subatomic particles that can reach energies far higher than the largest machines. ''CERN''<br />
<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/mediathek/podcast/kosmische-strahlung/ "Kosmische Strahlung"] Podcast (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/thema/bmbf/astro-undastroteilchenphysik/der-kosmischen-strahlung-auf-der-spur/ "Der kosmischen Strahlung auf der Spur"] article (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/gebiet/universum/news/2017/kosmische-teilchen-mit-extragalaktischem-ursprung/ "Kosmische Teilchen mit extragalaktischem Ursprung"] article (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
<br />
==== Learn about the detectors ====<br />
* Basics of [[Scintillator]]s<br />
* Find out about [[Silicon photomultiplier|Silicon Photomultipliers]]<br />
* How our [[The Detector|Detectors]] are assembled<br />
<br />
==== Related and similar projects ====<br />
<br />
* [http://cosmicpi.org/ CosmicPi]: A CERN-based project that aims to build the world's largest open-source distributed cosmic ray telescope. <br />
* [https://www.hisparc.nl/en/ HiSPARC]: A distributed muon detection network aimed for high-schools and an experience of over 15 years.<br />
<br />
= The Hardware =<br />
<br />
=== SiPM PCB ===<br />
The SiPM photo sensor which detects the dim light generated inside the scintillation detector is mounted on a small [[Sipm_board|SiPM board]]. Different numbers of SiPMs and read-out configurations can be realized through it's flexible design.<br />
<br />
=== Preamplifier ===<br />
The [[preamplifier]] is located in close vicinity to the [[sipm_board|SiPM photodetector board]] and amplifies the weak signals for transmission to the [[muonpi_board|MuonPi]] board, where they are further processed and evaluated.<br />
<br />
=== The MuonPi-Board ===<br />
The main signal processing, voltage generation and parameter monitoring and adjustment is done on the Raspberry Pi plug-on [[muonpi_board|MuonPi Board]]. The board's design is open source hardware and exhibits only commercially available off-the-shelf components which can be obtained from several distributors. With some soldering experience, the MuonPi HAT can be assembled utilizing a standard soldering equipment. A how-to guide and useful hints are available in the [[Assembly Guide|Assembly Guide]].<br />
<br />
= The Software =<br />
The MuonPi software collection is entirely open source and [https://github.com/MuonPi available on github]<br />
It consists of several components:<br />
* '''muondetector-daemon''' The main control program running as a background system service on the RPi. The daemon configures, controls and supervises the components on the MuonPi HAT board, handles the comunication to the u-Blox chip and to the outside world via MQTT link and direct access socket, monitors system parameters, such as temperature, voltages, curent, rates etc., performs statistics collections, calculations and logging and much more. The daemon can be installed through the standard system software management tools (such as apt) from our [https://archive.muonpi.org package repository] or compiled from the [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector github source] and is everything which is needed to operate a MuonPi detector.<br />
* '''muondetector-gui''' A graphical user interface (GUI) program which can be launched on any computer in the same network as the MuonPi detector in order to monitor and adjust all operation parameters of the detector, if required. The GUI is available for [https://archive.muonpi.org download] as binary package for several platforms (Raspbian, Ubuntu, Windows) or can be compiled from the current [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector github master branch].<br />
* '''muondetector-login''' A small command line helper tool to initially set up the MQTT telemetry link. The program will ask for the supplied MQTT credentials and stores them locally in encrypted form for continuous use.<br />
* '''muondetector-cluster''' Allows the operation of a multi-detector cluster as an entity. The program is the cluster head or interface towards the server, searches for coincidences within the cluster and sends the combined coincidence events instead of the single event telegrams to the server. This tool is in development phase with more information about it's utilization to come in near future.<br />
<br />
= Setup and Operation of the Detector =<br />
Here you find a collection of HOW-TOs useful to set-up and operate a detector:<br />
<br />
*[[The Detector|How to assemble the detector plates]]<br />
<br />
*[[Assembly Guide|MuonPi HAT assembly guide]]<br />
<br />
*[[Hardware Setup|How to set up the detector hardware]]<br />
<br />
*[[Raspberry Pi Setup|How to install and set up the MuonPi software]]<br />
<br />
*[[MuonPi - Grafana|How to view your detector data using Grafana]]<br />
<br />
*Detector Surveillance through a [[MuonPi Telegram Bot|Telegram Bot]]<br />
<br />
The completed setup is fairly insensitive to the location where it will operate.<br />
Basic requirement is a good GPS signal, low humidity and obviously power and network connectivity.<br />
A stable temperature for the scintillator and preamp is desirable, as it affects the noise level of the setup.<br />
Muons will penetrate several meters of granite rock, so placing the detector in the basement leaves the muon measurements unaffected.<br />
However due to radon collection in basement rooms and potassium decay a slightly higher natural radioactive background can be observed.<br />
<br />
In case there are problems with the set-up or operation of the detector, have a look in the [[Troubleshooting]] section.<br />
<br />
= Related Articles =<br />
<br />
[[News and articles]] about cosmic rays and similar projects.<br />
<br />
= Other languages =<br />
<br />
* [[Main Page/de]]<br />
<br />
= Admin Area = <br />
<br />
Useful [[resources]] for admins.<br />
<br />
= [[user detectors gallery|Gallery of Users' Detectors]] =<br />
<br />
= About this Wiki =<br />
* How to edit? [[help for creators]]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings List of config variables]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki-FAQ]<br />
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce Mailing list of new MediaWiki version announcements]<br />
<br />
----<br />
Sandbox page for testing/playing:<br />
* [[Sandbox]]</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Raspberry_Pi_Setup&diff=598Raspberry Pi Setup2021-01-19T17:22:35Z<p>Lnies: /* Initial Setup */</p>
<hr />
<div>This article will introduce to you, how to set up a Raspberry Pi from scratch with all software needed to run the detector hardware.<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: If not stated otherwise, this tutorial is developed on Raspian 10 Buster.<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Initial Setup =<br />
(Requirements: Raspberry Pi Versions 0, 2, 3, 4 (with 40-pin GPIO connector) )<br />
* Create a fresh install of Raspbian Buster operating system e.g. from [https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/raspberry-pi-os/ here] on microSD card (any version with or without desktop). For an headless install (without monitor and mouse/keyboard), we recommend following this [https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/wireless/headless.md guide].<br />
* Change the default password of the user "pi". This is strongly recommended, since connections through ssh will be enabled in the next step which should always have a strong authentication metric. Change it with <code>sudo raspi-config</code> >> Change User Password or on the command line with <code>passwd</code><br />
* Enable the serial interface (UART) and disable the login shell via the UART. In terminal: <code>sudo raspi-config</code> >> Interfacing Options >> Serial >> Login shell over serial: No >> Enable serial hardware: Yes<br />
* Enable I2C Interface: In terminal: <code>sudo raspi-config</code> >> Interfacing Options >> I2C >> Enable: Yes >> Reboot optional<br />
* Enable SSH: The SSH protocol is needed if you want to remotely configure your headless Raspberry Pi. In a terminal: <code>sudo raspi-config</code> >> Interfacing Options >> SSH >> Enable: Yes >> Reboot<br />
* Configure the network connection: By default, the RPi is configured to automatically obtain an IP address when a connection is available and DHCP in your local network is active (this should be the case for most local/home networks).<br />
* If you prefer a fixed IP address in a local network: edit the file /etc/dhcpcd.conf. Use the template and uncomment the "Example Static IP Configuration" section with your desired IP address.<br />
* If network access should be established via WiFi, either configure it via the network configuration wizard in the graphical desktop environment (usually network icon in the system bar), or manually following these steps (either method is fine):<br />
** Make sure that the wpa_supplicant package is installed:<code>sudo apt install wpasupplicant</code><br />
** edit the file /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf:<code>sudo nano /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf</code><br />
the configuration should look like this (non-relevant lines not shown):<br />
<br />
update_config=1<br />
country=DE</br><br />
network={<br />
ssid="<your network ssid>"<br />
psk="<your wifi password>"<br />
key_mgmt=WPA-PSK<br />
}<br />
Enter your WiFi's SSID and password in the indicated fields.<br />
Finally, restart the system that the changes take effect.<br />
Optionally, update your system by:<br />
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade<br />
<br />
You should have a fully configured Raspbian system by now and are ready-to-go to set up the MuonPi in the next step.<br />
<br />
= MuonPi Setup =<br />
(Requirements: a MuonPi board plugged onto the GPIO connector of the RPi)<br />
* First, add the MuonPi apt repository to your system:<br />
wget -qO - <nowiki>https://archive.muonpi.org/muondetector.public.key</nowiki> | sudo apt-key add - <br />
<br />
sudo sh -c "echo deb <nowiki>https://archive.muonpi.org/raspbian buster main</nowiki> > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/muondetector.list"<br />
* Update the repositories:<br />
sudo apt update<br />
* Install the muondetector-daemon package and it's dependencies:<br />
sudo apt install muondetector-daemon<br />
* Optional: install the Graphical User Interface (GUI) program to monitor and control the MuonPi locally<br />
sudo apt install muondetector-gui<br />
* The GUI can connect to the MuonPi over network as well, so it can be installed on other computers in the local network. Currently, binary packages for Raspbian, Ubuntu and Windows are available. The Linux-based versions can be installed from the package repositories (execute steps 1,2 and 4 from this list). The Windows program can be downloaded directly from https://archive.muonpi.org and installed by simply unpacking the zip-archive.<br />
<br />
= Configuration and Start =<br />
<br />
Now the installation of the muondetector-daemon should be adapted to your setup:<br />
<br />
== Configuration ==<br />
Edit the configuration file /etc/muondetector/muondetector.conf: <code>nano /etc/muondetector/muondetector.conf</code>.<br />
Change the settings according to your needs or leave them untouched, if unsure. The comments in the config file should guide you through any required modifications. One option, however, describes the placement of your detector. If you like, choose a stationID descriptor, eg.:</br><br />
(file: <code>/etc/muondetector/muondetector.conf</code>)<br />
<nowiki>#</nowiki> A unique identifier of the user's station<br />
<nowiki>#</nowiki> leave on default when the user operates a single station<br />
<nowiki>#</nowiki> all detectors of the user are distinguishable on the basis of this id<br />
stationID = "HomeOffice"<br />
<br />
(anything which best describes the location of your detector like e.g. "GarageSW", "Bldg16Lab105", "AtticNE"). If you operate only one stationary detector, it may as well be left on the default ID which is "0" (zero).<br />
<br />
'''Important''': When operating multiple detectors (under the same user account, see below) the stationID descriptor '''must''' be unique for each detector.<br />
<br />
== Login with your user credentials (only once) ==<br />
<br />
Before taking the MuonPi detector into operation, you have to set your credentials for publishing data messages to the server via [http://mqtt.org/ MQTT] protocol on first start. This can be managed in two ways, one secure and one where your credentials appear as plain text in the config file:<br />
==== The Recommended Method ====<br />
In a bash shell on the MuonPi, run the command <code>sudo runuser -u muonuser -- muondetector-login</code>.<br />
When asked for sudo access, enter the password of your raspberry pi user.<br />
When asked for your user name and password, enter the credentials supplied to you by a MounPi.org official. The credentials are stored (not in clear text) for all further telemetry connections.<br />
<br />
==== Alternative Method ====<br />
Uncomment the <code>mqtt_user</code> and <code>mqtt_password</code> options in <code>/etc/muondetector/muondetector.conf</code> and type your personal username and password into these fields between the quotation marks. Be aware, that these credentials are written in plain text into this file and can be retrieved by malware attacks. However, if you operate a station inside a home network and set up a strong ssh authentication (see above), you should be relatively safe.<br />
<br />
== Start the Daemon ==<br />
The daemon should be enabled and started automatically after installation and on every reboot. However, when changing items in the config file, the changes have to be made effective by a daemon restart:<br />
sudo systemctl restart muondetector-daemon.service<br />
<br />
To see the current status of the daemon service use following command:<br />
systemctl status muondetector-daemon.service<br />
<br />
It can happen that the status shows 'failed' in red, usually a restart of the daemon service resolves this.<br />
<br />
If the service should not enable itself by default the status shows a grey 'not loaded'. To enable the service use:<br />
sudo systemctl enable muondetector-daemon.service</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=The_Detector&diff=589The Detector2021-01-15T08:48:11Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div>The current detector design is based on a plastic scintillator, wrapped in different types of foil, and a Silicon Photomultiplier for the collection of scintillation light. In this article, the assembly of a detector module will be explained. <br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= How the detector works = <br />
<br />
Simple working principle based on the scintillator and SiPM page, putting it in context with our project.<br />
<br />
= How to build a muon detector =<br />
<br />
== Material List ==<br />
Independent of the size and shape of the scintillator the following materials and tools are used for building a scintillator detector:<br />
[[File:Detector Assembly 001.jpg|thumb|Fully-wrapped detectors with label]]<br />
* Kapton stencil <br />
* Teflon foil<br />
* Aluminum foil<br />
* Reflective foil<br />
* Black tape<br />
* Pond liner (thick black foil)<br />
* Optical grease<br />
* Scintillator<br />
* Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) on PCB chip<br />
* Preamplifier<br />
* Scalpel<br />
* Scissors<br />
* Tweezer<br />
<br />
== Assembly Steps == <br />
<br />
# '''Cutting the scintillator:''' In the case for the MuonPi detectors the scintillators are provided as plates of 10x250x250 mm^3. Depending on the [[#Detector geometry|desired geometry]], the scintillators are cut with a circular saw to fit the design. Afterwards, all edges are polished. <br />
# '''Cutting the Kapton stencil:''' The stencil is used as a template and carrier for cutting the thin Teflon and aluminum foil. It is usually cut in the same base shape as the scintillator but slightly larger to accommodate the edges of the scintillator. The stencil is reusable and only has to be crafted once. <br />
# '''Cutting and wrapping the Teflon foil:''' The thin layer of Teflon foil is unrolled and laid out on top of the stencil, removing all wrinkles carefully. Guided by the outlines of the stencil, the Teflon foil is cut using a sharp scalpel. Depending on the desired thickness of the Teflon on the scintillator, this step is repeated several times. Finally, the scintillator is placed with its top face centered on top of the Teflon cut-out and the surplus of Teflon is carefully folded upwards to cover the edges of the scintillator. Now the scintillator can be flipped such that the top faces downwards and the stencil is carefully removed. To cover the other face, this step is repeated. <br />
# '''Cutting and wrapping the aluminum foil:''' The aluminum foil, while using the stencil, is prepared and attached to the scintillator in a similar fashion. The foil is fixed with reflective tape.<br />
# '''Cutting and taping the pond liner:''' A layer of thick pond liner is used to cover both faces of the scintillator. For this, the base shape of the scintillator is used to cut the liner. Using double-sided tape, the liner is glued on both faces. <br />
# '''Taping the edges:''' Black tape is used to cover all left-over uncovered spots of the scintillator apart from the light-collection faces. Now the scintillator is ready to be coupled with the photo-detector. <br />
# '''Attaching the SiPM:''' The SiPM sitting on its PCB chip and equipped with a reflective mask is covered with a small amount of optical grease and is pressed against the light collection surface. While maintaining the pressure, the chip is fixed to the scintillator with black tape. Since the preamplifier and the SiPM are designed modular, the preamplifier chip can be plugged on top of the SiPM chip.<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Detector_Assembly_002.jpg|Kapton stencil and tools<br />
Detector_Assembly_003.jpg|Teflon foil outlined on stencil<br />
Detector_Assembly_004.jpg|Prepared aluminum foil ready for assembly<br />
Detector_Assembly_005.jpg|Both types of foil fixed with reflective tape<br />
Detector_Assembly_006.jpg|Layer of pond liner added<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
= Detector Specifications =<br />
Our detectors come in many different geometries and configurations. <br />
== Detector Geometry ==<br />
Several different detector geometries can be build from the raw scintillator plates of type EJ-248M provided by our supplier [https://eljentechnology.com/products/plastic-scintillators Eljen]. The uncut scintillator plates have a dimension of 10x250x250 mm^3. Additionally, we recycle former hexagonal "veto" plastic scintillators from the TAPS detector of the [https://wwwa2.kph.uni-mainz.de/a2detector-system/ A2 detector system]<br />
=== The Original ===<br />
The original detector geometry is chosen to maximize the light collection efficiency while having a large area for a high muon count rate. This geometry was determined both experimentally <ref>L. Nies, ''Development of a SiPM-based readout-module for the characterization of various scintillation materials'', (University of Giessen, Bachelor Thesis, August 2017), [https://www.uni-giessen.de/fbz/fb07/fachgebiete/physik/institute/iipi/arbeitsgruppen/ag-brinkmann/forschung/theses/Nies_Lukas_BSc_Thesis_SiPM.pdf link]</ref> and theoretically <ref>S. Peter, ''Simulation of Cosmic Air Showers and Simulation Studies for the Geometry Optimization of a Scintillation Detector'', (University of Giessen, Bachelor Thesis, September 2019), [https://www.uni-giessen.de/fbz/fb07/fachgebiete/physik/institute/iipi/arbeitsgruppen/ag-brinkmann/forschung/theses/Bachelor_Sven_Peter.pdf link]</ref> to yield the best performance for a given detector area. <br />
=== The Original - Half Size ===<br />
The U-BLOX chip can only assign accurate timestamps to a limited amount of events per second. A high muon flux can lead to a large dead time (time interval in which the detector is "blind" to events). With the Original type detector, we currently (HAT version 3.1) encounter a deadtime of 20% to 30%, depending on the threshold level. In practice, this means that we lose about one-third of all events. From an economic point of view, it makes sense to reduce the detector size to reduce the muon flux to reduce the dead time. Cutting the Original in half will help to make the detector more efficient (tests pending).<br />
=== The Hexagonal ===<br />
Reusing the "veto" plastic scintillators from the TAPS detector, we have an excellent small and versatile detector for measuring cosmic muons. Significantly smaller than the Original type, detector dead time is not a problem. <br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
scintillator_original_geometry.png|Original Geometry<br />
scintillator_original_half_geometry.png|Original Half Geometry<br />
scintillator_hex_geometry.png|Hex Geometry<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
== Detector label ==<br />
[[File:Detector_label.png|thumb|Label for the detectors.]]<br />
<br />
= References =<br />
<references /></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=File:Scintillator_hex_geometry.png&diff=588File:Scintillator hex geometry.png2021-01-15T08:46:23Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=File:Scintillator_original_half_geometry.png&diff=587File:Scintillator original half geometry.png2021-01-15T08:45:56Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=File:Scintillator_original_geometry.png&diff=586File:Scintillator original geometry.png2021-01-15T08:45:32Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=The_Detector&diff=585The Detector2021-01-12T20:51:31Z<p>Lnies: /* The Original - Half */</p>
<hr />
<div>The current detector design is based on a plastic scintillator, wrapped in different types of foil, and a Silicon Photomultiplier for the collection of scintillation light. In this article, the assembly of a detector module will be explained. <br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= How the detector works = <br />
<br />
Simple working principle based on the scintillator and SiPM page, putting it in context with our project.<br />
<br />
= How to build a muon detector =<br />
<br />
== Material List ==<br />
Independent of the size and shape of the scintillator the following materials and tools are used for building a scintillator detector:<br />
[[File:Detector Assembly 001.jpg|thumb|Fully-wrapped detectors with label]]<br />
* Kapton stencil <br />
* Teflon foil<br />
* Aluminum foil<br />
* Reflective foil<br />
* Black tape<br />
* Pond liner (thick black foil)<br />
* Optical grease<br />
* Scintillator<br />
* Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) on PCB chip<br />
* Preamplifier<br />
* Scalpel<br />
* Scissors<br />
* Tweezer<br />
<br />
== Assembly Steps == <br />
<br />
# '''Cutting the scintillator:''' In the case for the MuonPi detectors the scintillators are provided as plates of 10x250x250 mm^3. Depending on the [[#Detector geometry|desired geometry]], the scintillators are cut with a circular saw to fit the design. Afterwards, all edges are polished. <br />
# '''Cutting the Kapton stencil:''' The stencil is used as a template and carrier for cutting the thin Teflon and aluminum foil. It is usually cut in the same base shape as the scintillator but slightly larger to accommodate the edges of the scintillator. The stencil is reusable and only has to be crafted once. <br />
# '''Cutting and wrapping the Teflon foil:''' The thin layer of Teflon foil is unrolled and laid out on top of the stencil, removing all wrinkles carefully. Guided by the outlines of the stencil, the Teflon foil is cut using a sharp scalpel. Depending on the desired thickness of the Teflon on the scintillator, this step is repeated several times. Finally, the scintillator is placed with its top face centered on top of the Teflon cut-out and the surplus of Teflon is carefully folded upwards to cover the edges of the scintillator. Now the scintillator can be flipped such that the top faces downwards and the stencil is carefully removed. To cover the other face, this step is repeated. <br />
# '''Cutting and wrapping the aluminum foil:''' The aluminum foil, while using the stencil, is prepared and attached to the scintillator in a similar fashion. The foil is fixed with reflective tape.<br />
# '''Cutting and taping the pond liner:''' A layer of thick pond liner is used to cover both faces of the scintillator. For this, the base shape of the scintillator is used to cut the liner. Using double-sided tape, the liner is glued on both faces. <br />
# '''Taping the edges:''' Black tape is used to cover all left-over uncovered spots of the scintillator apart from the light-collection faces. Now the scintillator is ready to be coupled with the photo-detector. <br />
# '''Attaching the SiPM:''' The SiPM sitting on its PCB chip and equipped with a reflective mask is covered with a small amount of optical grease and is pressed against the light collection surface. While maintaining the pressure, the chip is fixed to the scintillator with black tape. Since the preamplifier and the SiPM are designed modular, the preamplifier chip can be plugged on top of the SiPM chip.<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Detector_Assembly_002.jpg|Kapton stencil and tools<br />
Detector_Assembly_003.jpg|Teflon foil outlined on stencil<br />
Detector_Assembly_004.jpg|Prepared aluminum foil ready for assembly<br />
Detector_Assembly_005.jpg|Both types of foil fixed with reflective tape<br />
Detector_Assembly_006.jpg|Layer of pond liner added<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
= Detector Specifications =<br />
Our detectors come in many different geometries and configurations. <br />
== Detector Geometry ==<br />
Several different detector geometries can be build from the raw scintillator plates of type EJ-248M provided by our supplier [https://eljentechnology.com/products/plastic-scintillators Eljen]. The uncut scintillator plates have a dimension of 10x250x250 mm^3. Additionally, we recycle former hexagonal "veto" plastic scintillators from the TAPS detector of the [https://wwwa2.kph.uni-mainz.de/a2detector-system/ A2 detector system]<br />
=== The Original ===<br />
[[File:scintillator_original_geometry.jpg|thumb|Geometry of the original detector type.]]<br />
The original detector geometry is chosen to maximize the light collection efficiency while having a large area for a high muon count rate. This geometry was determined both experimentally <ref>L. Nies, ''Development of a SiPM-based readout-module for the characterization of various scintillation materials'', (University of Giessen, Bachelor Thesis, August 2017), [https://www.uni-giessen.de/fbz/fb07/fachgebiete/physik/institute/iipi/arbeitsgruppen/ag-brinkmann/forschung/theses/Nies_Lukas_BSc_Thesis_SiPM.pdf link]</ref> and theoretically <ref>S. Peter, ''Simulation of Cosmic Air Showers and Simulation Studies for the Geometry Optimization of a Scintillation Detector'', (University of Giessen, Bachelor Thesis, September 2019), [https://www.uni-giessen.de/fbz/fb07/fachgebiete/physik/institute/iipi/arbeitsgruppen/ag-brinkmann/forschung/theses/Bachelor_Sven_Peter.pdf link]</ref> to yield the best performance for a given detector area. <br />
=== The Original - Half Size ===<br />
The U-BLOX chip can only assign accurate timestamps to a limited amount of events per second. A high muon flux can lead to a large dead time (time interval in which the detector is "blind" to events). With the Original type detector, we currently (HAT version 3.1) encounter a deadtime of 20% to 30%, depending on the threshold level. In practice, this means that we lose about one-third of all events. From an economic point of view, it makes sense to reduce the detector size to reduce the muon flux to reduce the dead time. Cutting the Original in half will help to make the detector more efficient (tests pending).<br />
<br />
=== The Hexagonal ===<br />
Reusing the "veto" plastic scintillators from the TAPS detector, we have an excellent small and versatile detector for measuring cosmic muons. Significantly smaller than the Original type, detector dead time is not a problem. <br />
== Detector label ==<br />
[[File:Detector_label.png|thumb|Label for the detectors.]]<br />
<br />
= References =<br />
<references /></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=The_Detector&diff=584The Detector2021-01-12T20:49:57Z<p>Lnies: /* Detector specifications */</p>
<hr />
<div>The current detector design is based on a plastic scintillator, wrapped in different types of foil, and a Silicon Photomultiplier for the collection of scintillation light. In this article, the assembly of a detector module will be explained. <br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= How the detector works = <br />
<br />
Simple working principle based on the scintillator and SiPM page, putting it in context with our project.<br />
<br />
= How to build a muon detector =<br />
<br />
== Material List ==<br />
Independent of the size and shape of the scintillator the following materials and tools are used for building a scintillator detector:<br />
[[File:Detector Assembly 001.jpg|thumb|Fully-wrapped detectors with label]]<br />
* Kapton stencil <br />
* Teflon foil<br />
* Aluminum foil<br />
* Reflective foil<br />
* Black tape<br />
* Pond liner (thick black foil)<br />
* Optical grease<br />
* Scintillator<br />
* Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) on PCB chip<br />
* Preamplifier<br />
* Scalpel<br />
* Scissors<br />
* Tweezer<br />
<br />
== Assembly Steps == <br />
<br />
# '''Cutting the scintillator:''' In the case for the MuonPi detectors the scintillators are provided as plates of 10x250x250 mm^3. Depending on the [[#Detector geometry|desired geometry]], the scintillators are cut with a circular saw to fit the design. Afterwards, all edges are polished. <br />
# '''Cutting the Kapton stencil:''' The stencil is used as a template and carrier for cutting the thin Teflon and aluminum foil. It is usually cut in the same base shape as the scintillator but slightly larger to accommodate the edges of the scintillator. The stencil is reusable and only has to be crafted once. <br />
# '''Cutting and wrapping the Teflon foil:''' The thin layer of Teflon foil is unrolled and laid out on top of the stencil, removing all wrinkles carefully. Guided by the outlines of the stencil, the Teflon foil is cut using a sharp scalpel. Depending on the desired thickness of the Teflon on the scintillator, this step is repeated several times. Finally, the scintillator is placed with its top face centered on top of the Teflon cut-out and the surplus of Teflon is carefully folded upwards to cover the edges of the scintillator. Now the scintillator can be flipped such that the top faces downwards and the stencil is carefully removed. To cover the other face, this step is repeated. <br />
# '''Cutting and wrapping the aluminum foil:''' The aluminum foil, while using the stencil, is prepared and attached to the scintillator in a similar fashion. The foil is fixed with reflective tape.<br />
# '''Cutting and taping the pond liner:''' A layer of thick pond liner is used to cover both faces of the scintillator. For this, the base shape of the scintillator is used to cut the liner. Using double-sided tape, the liner is glued on both faces. <br />
# '''Taping the edges:''' Black tape is used to cover all left-over uncovered spots of the scintillator apart from the light-collection faces. Now the scintillator is ready to be coupled with the photo-detector. <br />
# '''Attaching the SiPM:''' The SiPM sitting on its PCB chip and equipped with a reflective mask is covered with a small amount of optical grease and is pressed against the light collection surface. While maintaining the pressure, the chip is fixed to the scintillator with black tape. Since the preamplifier and the SiPM are designed modular, the preamplifier chip can be plugged on top of the SiPM chip.<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Detector_Assembly_002.jpg|Kapton stencil and tools<br />
Detector_Assembly_003.jpg|Teflon foil outlined on stencil<br />
Detector_Assembly_004.jpg|Prepared aluminum foil ready for assembly<br />
Detector_Assembly_005.jpg|Both types of foil fixed with reflective tape<br />
Detector_Assembly_006.jpg|Layer of pond liner added<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
= Detector Specifications =<br />
Our detectors come in many different geometries and configurations. <br />
== Detector Geometry ==<br />
Several different detector geometries can be build from the raw scintillator plates of type EJ-248M provided by our supplier [https://eljentechnology.com/products/plastic-scintillators Eljen]. The uncut scintillator plates have a dimension of 10x250x250 mm^3. Additionally, we recycle former hexagonal "veto" plastic scintillators from the TAPS detector of the [https://wwwa2.kph.uni-mainz.de/a2detector-system/ A2 detector system]<br />
=== The Original ===<br />
[[File:scintillator_original_geometry.jpg|thumb|Geometry of the original detector type.]]<br />
The original detector geometry is chosen to maximize the light collection efficiency while having a large area for a high muon count rate. This geometry was determined both experimentally <ref>L. Nies, ''Development of a SiPM-based readout-module for the characterization of various scintillation materials'', (University of Giessen, Bachelor Thesis, August 2017), [https://www.uni-giessen.de/fbz/fb07/fachgebiete/physik/institute/iipi/arbeitsgruppen/ag-brinkmann/forschung/theses/Nies_Lukas_BSc_Thesis_SiPM.pdf link]</ref> and theoretically <ref>S. Peter, ''Simulation of Cosmic Air Showers and Simulation Studies for the Geometry Optimization of a Scintillation Detector'', (University of Giessen, Bachelor Thesis, September 2019), [https://www.uni-giessen.de/fbz/fb07/fachgebiete/physik/institute/iipi/arbeitsgruppen/ag-brinkmann/forschung/theses/Bachelor_Sven_Peter.pdf link]</ref> to yield the best performance for a given detector area. <br />
=== The Original - Half ===<br />
The U-BLOX chip can only assign accurate timestamps to a limited amount of events per second. A high muon flux can lead to a large dead time (time interval in which the detector is "blind" to events). With the Original type detector, we currently (HAT version 3.1) encounter a deadtime of 20% to 30%, depending on the threshold level. In practice, this means that we lose about one-third of all events. From an economic point of view, it makes sense to reduce the detector size to reduce the muon flux to reduce the dead time. Cutting the Original in half will help to make the detector more efficient (tests pending). <br />
=== The Hexagonal ===<br />
Reusing the "veto" plastic scintillators from the TAPS detector, we have an excellent small and versatile detector for measuring cosmic muons. Significantly smaller than the Original type, detector dead time is not a problem. <br />
== Detector label ==<br />
[[File:Detector_label.png|thumb|Label for the detectors.]]<br />
<br />
= References =<br />
<references /></div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=MuonPi_Telegram_Bot&diff=539MuonPi Telegram Bot2020-12-31T16:36:11Z<p>Lnies: Created page with "This article will explain how to set up a chat with our MuonPi Telegram Bot and how to register your chat with automatic detector and network-related update. DISCLAIMER: Tuto..."</p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain how to set up a chat with our MuonPi Telegram Bot and how to register your chat with automatic detector and network-related update.<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Tutorial written based on MuonPi Telegram Bot Version 1.0<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Add MuonPi Bot to your chats =<br />
<br />
tba</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=538Main Page2020-12-31T16:31:56Z<p>Lnies: /* Setup and Operation of the Detector */</p>
<hr />
<div>= The MuonPi Cosmic Detector Project =<br />
The MuonPi Project is a [https://www.raspberrypi.org/ RaspberryPi]-based system using an inexpensive plastic [[Scintillator|scintillator]] + [[Silicon photomultiplier|SiPM]] photo sensor to detect muons from cosmic air showers with a time-stamping accuracy of several tens of nanoseconds utilizing the [https://www.u-blox.com/en/product/neo-m8-series u-blox NEO-M8N GNSS] module's "timemark" feature.<br />
<br />
==== Learn about cosmic radiation ====<br />
* Get started with [[Cosmic Rays]], especially [[Muon]]s<br />
<br />
*[https://www.vox.com/the-highlight/2019/7/16/17690740/cosmic-rays-universe-theory-science Extremely powerful cosmic rays are raining down on us. No one knows where they come from.] But with large-scale experiments, scientists around the world are determined to find out. ''Vox'' Jul 25, 2019<br />
<br />
*[https://home.cern/science/physics/cosmic-rays-particles-outer-space Cosmic rays: particles from outer space] Earth is subject to a constant bombardment of subatomic particles that can reach energies far higher than the largest machines. ''CERN''<br />
<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/mediathek/podcast/kosmische-strahlung/ "Kosmische Strahlung"] Podcast (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/thema/bmbf/astro-undastroteilchenphysik/der-kosmischen-strahlung-auf-der-spur/ "Der kosmischen Strahlung auf der Spur"] article (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
* [https://www.weltderphysik.de/gebiet/universum/news/2017/kosmische-teilchen-mit-extragalaktischem-ursprung/ "Kosmische Teilchen mit extragalaktischem Ursprung"] article (in German) on [https://www.weltderphysik.de weltderphysik.de]<br />
<br />
==== Learn about the detectors ====<br />
* Basics of [[Scintillator]]s<br />
* Find out about [[Silicon photomultiplier|Silicon Photomultipliers]]<br />
* How our [[The Detector|Detectors]] are assembled<br />
<br />
= The Hardware =<br />
<br />
=== SiPM PCB ===<br />
The SiPM photo sensor which detects the dim light generated inside the scintillation detector is mounted on a small [[Sipm_board|SiPM board]]. Different numbers of SiPMs and read-out configurations can be realized through it's flexible design.<br />
<br />
=== Preamplifier ===<br />
The [[preamplifier]] is located in close vicinity to the [[sipm_board|SiPM photodetector board]] and amplifies the weak signals for transmission to the [[muonpi_board|MuonPi]] board, where they are further processed and evaluated.<br />
<br />
=== The MuonPi-Board ===<br />
The main signal processing, voltage generation and parameter monitoring and adjustment is done on the Raspberry Pi plug-on [[muonpi_board|MuonPi Board]]. The board's design is open source hardware and exhibits only commercially available off-the-shelf components which can be obtained from several distributors. With some soldering experience, the MuonPi HAT can be assembled utilizing a standard soldering equipment. A how-to guide and useful hints are available in the [[Assembly Guide|Assembly Guide]].<br />
<br />
= The Software =<br />
The MuonPi software collection is entirely open source and [https://github.com/MuonPi available on github]<br />
It consists of several components:<br />
* '''muondetector-daemon''' The main control program running as a background system service on the RPi. The daemon configures, controls and supervises the components on the MuonPi HAT board, handles the comunication to the u-Blox chip and to the outside world via MQTT link and direct access socket, monitors system parameters, such as temperature, voltages, curent, rates etc., performs statistics collections, calculations and logging and much more. The daemon can be installed through the standard system software management tools (such as apt) from our [https://archive.muonpi.org package repository] or compiled from the [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector github source] and is everything which is needed to operate a MuonPi detector.<br />
* '''muondetector-gui''' A graphical user interface (GUI) program which can be launched on any computer in the same network as the MuonPi detector in order to monitor and adjust all operation parameters of the detector, if required. The GUI is available for [https://archive.muonpi.org download] as binary package for several platforms (Raspbian, Ubuntu, Windows) or can be compiled from the current [https://github.com/MuonPi/muondetector github master branch].<br />
* '''muondetector-login''' A small command line helper tool to initially set up the MQTT telemetry link. The program will ask for the supplied MQTT credentials and stores them locally in encrypted form for continuous use.<br />
* '''muondetector-cluster''' Allows the operation of a multi-detector cluster as an entity. The program is the cluster head or interface towards the server, searches for coincidences within the cluster and sends the combined coincidence events instead of the single event telegrams to the server. This tool is in development phase with more information about it's utilization to come in near future.<br />
<br />
= Setup and Operation of the Detector =<br />
Here you find a collection of HOW-TOs useful to set-up and operate a detector:<br />
<br />
*[[The Detector|How to assemble the detector plates]]<br />
<br />
*[[Assembly Guide|MuonPi HAT assembly guide]]<br />
<br />
*[[Hardware Setup|How to set up the detector hardware]]<br />
<br />
*[[Raspberry Pi Setup|How to install and set up the MuonPi software]]<br />
<br />
*[[MuonPi - Grafana|How to view your detector data using Grafana]]<br />
<br />
*Detector Surveillance through a [[MuonPi Telegram Bot|Telegram Bot]]<br />
<br />
<br />
In case there are problems with the set-up or operation of the detector, have a look in the [[Troubleshooting]] section.<br />
<br />
= Related Articles =<br />
<br />
[[News and articles]] about cosmic rays and similar projects.<br />
<br />
= Other languages =<br />
<br />
* [[Main Page/de]]<br />
<br />
= Admin Area = <br />
<br />
Useful [[resources]] for admins.<br />
<br />
<br />
= About this Wiki =<br />
* How to edit? [[help for creators]]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings List of config variables]<br />
* [http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki-FAQ]<br />
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/mailman/listinfo/mediawiki-announce Mailing list of new MediaWiki version announcements]<br />
<br />
----<br />
Sandbox page for testing/playing:<br />
* [[Sandbox]]</div>Lnieshttps://wiki.muonpi.org/index.php?title=MuonPi_-_Grafana&diff=533MuonPi - Grafana2020-12-21T12:44:19Z<p>Lnies: </p>
<hr />
<div>This article will explain how to view your detector data using the MuonPi Grafana Dashboards. Most of the panels on a dashboard have a small information icon on the top left with a quick explanation of what is shown within the panel.<br />
<br />
DISCLAIMER: Internet connection required. Tutorial written based on the layout in December 2020.<br />
<br />
__TOC__<br />
<br />
= Login to our Grafana service =<br />
<br />
As a user/host of a detector with an LDAP account, you have the option to log in to Grafana to view an extensive record of data collected by the MuonPi network. <br />
# Simply go to [https://grafana.muonpi.org Grafana] and click the login button on the lower left of the screen. Log in using your LDAP credentials received through one of our admins. <br />
# Use the search function (top left) to display all available dashboards. There are several options and different drop-down menus. <br />
# Choose the "Logstats for Users" dashboard. Currently, the loading time can be up to several minutes due to a large load on the server.<br />
# Under the drop-down menu "user_id_string" you can select your user account and display various different data uplinked by your detector. If you have more than one detector, all of your stations will be displayed within this page. <br />
<br />
<gallery mode="packed-hover"><br />
Grafana_Tut_1.PNG|Step 1: Log in<br />
Grafana_Tut_2.PNG|Step 2: Search for dashboards<br />
Grafana_Tut_3.PNG|Step 3 & 4: Choose "Logstats for Users" and select your LDAP user name<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
= MuonPi Dashboards =<br />
In this chapter, different dashboards will be introduced. Before diving in, a short summary of measurement variables and definitions is given in the following.<br />
<br />
== Terminology ==<br />
<br />
Some of the measurements on the MuonPi dashboards can have a rather technical nomenclature, here a short introduction to some of the variables. <br />
* '''XOR Count Rate'''. Our MuonPi hat has two independent signal input channels. Using a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XOR_gate XOR gate] we can summarize the two channels to one: with XOR logic, we only get a contribution to the count rate when either of the channels sees an event. '''In practice''', most of the issued stations only use a single detector with a single channel. Thus, the XOR rate corresponds to the detector count rate. <br />
* '''L1 Events'''. To get a hold of the immense amount of incoming data, we perform online data processing to find interesting data matches. If two or more events occur "coincidentally", that is, in a short defined time window, then these events get grouped to an L1 Event for further data processing. The level of an L1 Event is defined by the amount of matched events, where the lowest level is, by definition, two. All other events are of course not thrown away, since they, too, can yield meaningful results.<br />
* '''GNSS''' refers to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_navigation Global Navigation Satellite System] that not only includes the GPS satellites, but also European, Chinese, and Russian services with Japanese and Indian contribution planned for the future. <br />
<br />
== Public Dashboards ==<br />
<br />
Without logging in to Grafana, one public dashboard is available: <br />
* '''MuonPi Overview''': on this dashboard, you will find general statistics of the MuonPi network, e.g. the total number of measured events, the total number of so-called "Level 1" events, number of registered users, and unique detectors, etc. A map of online detectors is also presented. The actual detector location on this map is slightly distorted to guarantee user privacy.<br />
<br />
== User-only Dashboards == <br />
<br />
As a MuonPi user, e.g. a supporter and host of a detector unit, one has access to most of the data measured with the MuonPi detector network. This data can be displayed most conveniently sorted by users. Additionally, more in-depth meta-data of the detector network is shown. <br />
<br />
=== Logstats for User === <br />
[[File:Logstats_for_Users.png|thumb|right|Logstats for Users Dashboard]]<br />
The probably most important dashboard for our the MuonPi users: here one can find all upstreamed data sorted by user. On the top-left of this dashboard, one can choose the user ID and display the corresponding data. If a user operates more than one station then the data will be combined in the different entries below.<br />
* '''Last Data Entry''' shows when the last data package arrived from the user. This can be helpful for debugging.<br />
* '''Total Detector Sites''' shows the total number of online detectors within the chosen time interval.<br />
* '''User's Detector Sites''' shows the total number of online detectors operated by the user within the chose time interval.<br />
* '''Total Muon Events''' shows the total amount of measured events from the user's detectors. <br />
* '''Total Events in Interval''' shows the total amount of measured events from the user's detectors within the time interval.<br />
* '''XOR Rate Stats''' shows the "exclusive or" count rate statistics. Here a distinction between the Ublox message rate and counter progress is made. (!)<br />
* '''GPIO Rates''' shows the event rate registered at the GPIO pins of the Raspberry Pi. (!)<br />
* '''Timestamping Accuracy''' shows the single detector time accuracy of the event timestamps. This value is usually some tens of nanoseconds and is determined by the quality and quantity of the GNSS reception. This time stamping accuracy is not to be confused with the overall time resolution of the detector, even though both measures are related to the GNSS reception.<br />
* '''Temperature''' shows the temperature as measured on-board from the Raspberry Pi. <br />
* '''GNSS clock drift''' (!)<br />
* '''GNSS Satellites''' shows the number of received GNSS satellites.<br />
* '''GNSS max CNR''' (!)<br />
* '''GNSS Preamp Noise Floor''' (!)<br />
* '''GNSS RX Jamming Level''' (!)<br />
* '''SiPM Bias Voltage''' and '''SiPM Bias Current''' show the measured applied bias voltage and the resulting current drawn to power the [[Silicon photomultiplier]] photo diode on the detector. The nominal values are some tens of microampere at 32V.<br />
* '''Thresholds''' (!)<br />
* '''Ublox Event Pulse Length''' (!)<br />
* '''Position Accuracy''' shows the geographical position accuracy given by the GNSS reception.<br />
* '''Ublox Event Counter''' (!)<br />
* '''Detector Location''' shows the average location of the detector during the chosen time interval. The circle is color-coded based on position accuracy (note the color legend).<br />
* '''Geographic Coordinates''' shows the coordinates in latitude, longitude, and height above MSL (mean sea level).<br />
* '''Station CPU Load''' shows the CPU load average of the Raspberry Pi.<br />
* '''Station Free Memory''' shows the Free Memory (?) and the Free Swap (?) of the Raspberry Pi. <br />
* '''Coincidence Level''' shows the Level of matched L1 Events. <br />
[[File:L1_Events_Accumulation.PNG|thumb|right|Display of L1 Events between two close detectors. Note the accumulation of coincident events around zero time difference.]]<br />
* '''Coincidence Events''' shows the hourly number of L1 Events.<br />
* '''Coincidence Time''' shows the time difference in microseconds for matched events (L1 Events) to the other detector. The time window for searching L1 Events is 10 microseconds. If two detectors are operated closeby (stacked or next to each other), an accumulation of L1 Events close to 0 coincidence time can be found (see graphic). All other entries are random coincidences within the ten-microsecond search window. <br />
* '''Station Uptime''' shows the time since the last reboot of the detector station. (?)</div>Lnies